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Vaginal candidiasis is one of the common gynecological diseases in women. It is a vulvovaginitis caused by Candida albicans. Some women carry this bacteria themselves, but relying on their immunity, they will not experience any discomfort. When the body's immunity decreases, this bacteria gets the opportunity to reproduce and begins to wreak havoc. Patients will feel vulvar itching, and some may even experience urinary pain. In addition, women may also experience an abnormal increase in leucorrhea. This disease is prone to recurrence and must be treated thoroughly.

1. Concept

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common and frequent vulvovaginal inflammatory disease caused by Candida albicans. Candida albicans is a conditionally pathogenic bacterium. 10% to 20% of non-pregnant women and 30% of pregnant women have this fungus parasitic in their vagina, but the amount of bacteria is small and does not cause symptoms. Vaginitis symptoms will only occur when the systemic and local vaginal immunity decreases, especially the local cellular immunity decreases, and Candida albicans multiplies in large numbers.

2. Symptoms

The typical symptom of candidal vaginitis is vulvar itching, and the itching symptoms vary from mild to severe, and come and go. When the itching is severe, the patient will be restless and unable to sleep or eat. When the inflammation is severe, urination pain and sexual intercourse pain may also occur. Increased vaginal discharge is another major symptom of this disease. The vaginal discharge is usually thick and appears to be dregs or curd-like.

3. Diagnosis

Gynecological examination showed that the leucorrhea was white, thick and resembling tofu dregs; the vaginal mucosa was red and swollen, and in severe cases, shallow ulcers were formed in the vagina. The secretion was placed on a 10% KOH slide and the hyphae were found under a microscope. If there are symptoms but multiple microscopic examinations are negative, culture can be used.

IV. Treatment

1. For simple vulvovaginal candidiasis, local medication is the main choice. Generally, the symptoms will be alleviated or disappear within 2-3 days after medication. Clotrimazole vaginal suppository, use every 3 days, 2 times in total.

2. Regarding the treatment of complicated vulvovaginal candidiasis, the selected drugs are basically the same as those for simple vulvovaginal candidiasis. Whether local or systemic medication, the treatment time should be appropriately extended.

3. The principles of treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis during pregnancy are: the primary issue that must be considered during treatment is whether the drug is harmful to the fetus; treatment is mainly based on local medication, and no systemic medication is given; it is limited to pregnant women with symptoms and signs.

5. Prevention

1. Exercise, eat a balanced diet, and avoid foods high in sugar.

2. Develop good hygiene habits. Dress appropriately.

3. When using public toilets, try to avoid sitting on toilets; showers are encouraged. Don't be overly particular about hygiene.

4. If women who take contraceptive pills suffer from recurrent candidal vaginitis, they should stop taking contraceptive pills and use other contraceptive methods instead.