​What's wrong with the pain in the anus?

Anal pain is a very common symptom in daily life. It not only causes great harm to the patient's physical health, but also seriously affects their normal life and work. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the cause and find scientific and effective treatment methods. The causes of anal pain may be hemorrhoids, anal sinusitis, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic congestion, proctitis, rectal cancer and rectal mucosal prolapse.

1. Hemorrhoids

Inflammation, edema or incarceration of internal hemorrhoids: Due to dry stool or other reasons, the surface mucosa of the internal hemorrhoids may become eroded, edematous, and bleeding, and a large amount of thrombosis may form under the mucosa. In severe cases, the hemorrhoids may protrude from the anus. Due to spasm of the anal sphincter, venous reflux is obstructed, further aggravating the edema and causing the hemorrhoids to become incarcerated, resulting in symptoms of anal swelling and pain.

2. Anal sinusitis

Anal sinusitis is the most common cause of anal distension, pain and heaviness. Patients with anal sinusitis mainly experience discomfort and dull pain in the anus, which worsens during defecation; the stool often contains mucus and blood; and the anal papilla may protrude from the anus when it is enlarged. In addition, inflammation of the anal sinuses and anal valves is also called anal cryptitis, which can further develop into perianal abscesses.

3. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease

Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is the most common cause of pelvic pain, which can also manifest as distending pain in the perineum and anus. The pelvic pain it causes is mainly characterized by persistent dull pain and lack of pain, which may manifest as dull pain in the lower abdomen, heaviness and distension in the anus, or heaviness and distension in the lumbar and sacral regions. The pain is aggravated by fatigue or menstruation.

4. Pelvic congestion

Pelvic congestion syndrome is a unique disease caused by chronic pelvic venous congestion, and its clinical characteristics include chronic lower abdominal distension and pain, autonomic nervous system dysfunction and other symptoms. It is also often manifested as anal pain, which is more obvious during bowel movements and the premenstrual period, especially in patients with a grade III retroverted uterus. Symptoms are milder in the morning and more severe in the evening, aggravated by standing for long periods of time, and alleviated or disappeared by lying on the side.

5. Proctitis

The symptoms of proctitis mainly include diarrhea, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, alternating constipation and diarrhea, and stool containing mucus and blood. Proctitis can also cause severe anal pain and a feeling of anal distension, so when anal pain occurs, you should seek medical treatment promptly.

6. Rectal mucosal prolapse

Rectal mucosal relaxation is the initial stage of rectal mucosal prolapse, and the symptoms are not very obvious, such as abnormal defecation and strong feeling of abdominal heaviness. However, when rectal mucosal prolapse is accompanied by infection or develops to the later stage, pain symptoms will also appear.

7. Rectal cancer

The incidence of rectal cancer is related to social environment, eating habits, genetic factors, etc. Its main symptoms include changes in bowel habits, bloody stools, bloody stools, tenesmus, constipation, diarrhea, anal swelling and pain, etc.