Manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus antibodies

Many people may not have heard of human immunodeficiency virus antibodies, but everyone should be familiar with AIDS. Human immunodeficiency virus antibody is the full name of AIDS, and its main transmission routes are blood transmission, semen transmission, breastfeeding transmission, etc. AIDS not only brings multiple symptoms to the human body, causing various discomforts, but if the disease is serious, it may even threaten the patient's life!

1. Human immunodeficiency virus antibodies

Human immunodeficiency virus, also known as AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) virus, is a virus that causes defects in the human immune system. Human immunodeficiency virus was first discovered in the United States in 1981. It is a type of retrovirus that infects human immune system cells.

2. Transmission channels

HIV-infected people are the source of infection, and HIV has been isolated from blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, etc. It cannot be spread by shaking hands, hugging, kissing, swimming, mosquito bites, sharing eating utensils, coughing or sneezing, daily contact, etc. The following are the three main modes of transmission:

1. Transmission through sexual contact

HIV exists in the semen and vaginal secretions of infected people. Sexual intercourse can easily cause minor damage to the skin and mucous membranes, and the virus can enter the blood through the damage and cause infection. Sexual contact between both same-sex and opposite-sex persons can lead to the spread of AIDS. There are large amounts of viruses in the semen or vaginal secretions of people infected with HIV. During sexual activity (including vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse, and oral intercourse), the friction of the sexual intercourse area can easily cause minor damage to the genital mucosa. At this time, the virus will take advantage of the opportunity to enter the blood of uninfected people. It is worth mentioning that since the rectal wall is more easily damaged than the vaginal wall, anal intercourse is more dangerous than vaginal intercourse.

2. Blood transmission

The human body is at risk of contracting AIDS if it is transfused with blood or blood products containing HIV, takes intravenous drugs, or has tissues and organs transplanted from infected people or patients.

3. Mother-to-child transmission

Women infected with HIV can also transmit the virus to the fetus during pregnancy and delivery. Infected mothers can also transmit the virus to their babies through breastfeeding.

3. Common symptoms

Persistent widespread lymphadenopathy, especially in the cervical, axillary, and inguinal lymph nodes. The lymph nodes are enlarged to about 1 cm in diameter, are hard, painless, and movable, and have lasted for more than three months.

1. Unexplained fever and night sweats for several weeks.

2. Severe, unexplained fatigue that has occurred for several weeks.

3. Decreased appetite and weight loss exceeding 10% of original body weight within 2 months.

4. Chronic diarrhea of ​​unknown cause has occurred for several weeks, which is watery and occurs more than 10 times a day.

5. Shortness of breath and dry cough for several weeks.

6. Large flat and raised pink or purple spots appear on the skin and mouth, which are neither painful nor itchy.

7. White spots appear in the pharynx and larynx. Scaly patches and itching appear on the male genitals. Women suffer from anal itching, vaginal itching, and excessive leucorrhea.

8. Headache and blurred vision.