How should high intraocular pressure be treated

Intraocular pressure refers to the pressure inside the eyeball, which is simply called IOP. Sometimes, intraocular pressure can be too high, which can cause symptoms such as splitting headaches, eye pain, and red eyeballs. This condition has a great impact on human vision and may cause vision loss. There are many causes of high intraocular pressure: glaucoma, cardiovascular disease, myopia, etc. are all causes. Here we will introduce how to treat high intraocular pressure.

Treatment

1. Available drugs: IOP-lowering drugs Pilocarpine eye drops: commonly used for open-angle glaucoma

Physostigmine eye drops: mostly used for acute glaucoma; after taking the medicine, press the lacrimal sac to prevent absorption and poisoning

Epinephrine eye drops: used for simple glaucoma, contraindicated for patients with diabetes, heart disease, hyperthyroidism, and hypertension

Propranolol eye drops: used for simple glaucoma, can also be used with pilocarpine eye drops, should not be used by the elderly, those with slow heart rate, and those with asthma

Timolol maleate eye drops: Mainly used for open-angle glaucoma, aphakic glaucoma, certain secondary glaucoma, and high intraocular pressure. Use with caution in patients with heart failure and bronchial asthma. It is best not to be used by pregnant women and children. It is contraindicated for patients who are allergic to this product or have bradycardia.

Second, you can use yoga: Yoga says that you should close your eyes, rub your palms together to warm them up, and then gently place them on your eyes to relieve eye fatigue and lower intraocular pressure.

reason

Posture and food factors

For a normal person, the intraocular pressure may rise by six mmHg when changing from a sitting position to a lying position. If you stand upside down, your intraocular pressure may rise by more than ten millimeters of mercury. Therefore, if glaucoma patients do yoga, we will advise them to avoid inverted movements as much as possible. In addition, drinking a large amount of fluid (such as 500CC) in a short period of time can increase intraocular pressure. Some medicines can also cause the side effect of increased intraocular pressure, the most noteworthy of which are medicines containing steroids. Regardless of the route of administration, whether oral, skin application, nasal spray or eye drops, as long as it contains steroids, there is a chance of this side effect.

Disease factors

Eye diseases such as glaucoma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, iridocyclitis, cataracts, and myopia can all cause high intraocular pressure, and trauma can also cause high intraocular pressure.

Factors in daily life

Staying in the dark for too long; looking down or reading for too long; not getting enough rest, overworking; overeating; seasonal changes, such as winter

Precautions

Keep your emotions stable, don’t be anxious, and don’t lose your temper; get enough sleep and don’t stay up late; avoid working in a dark room[1] and don’t watch movies in the cinema; drink less strong tea and coffee; and ensure smooth bowel movements every day.

Relationship between volume and intraocular pressure

The intraocular pressure of a normal person is stable within a certain range to maintain the normal shape of the eyeball, while ensuring that the refractive media can exert its maximum optical performance. The normal range of intraocular pressure is 1.47～2.79kPa (11～21mmHg).

The contents of the eye include aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous body, but the aqueous humor has the greatest impact on intraocular pressure.

The total volume of aqueous humor is 0.13-0.3 ml, and its main component is water. In addition, there are proteins, electrolytes, ascorbic acid, lactic acid, glucose, lipids, enzymes, etc. The pH value is 7.3-7.5. Aqueous humor is produced by the ciliary processes in the ciliary body, then enters the posterior chamber, flows through the pupil into the anterior chamber, and then drains through the anterior chamber angle. Under normal circumstances, the production and discharge of aqueous humor maintain a dynamic balance, that is, within a certain period of time, the amount of aqueous humor produced and discharged is equal. If the drainage channel of aqueous humor is blocked, or the amount of aqueous humor produced increases for some reason, it can lead to accumulation of aqueous humor and increase intraocular pressure. If the amount of aqueous humor produced is too little and the accumulation of aqueous humor does not reach a certain amount, the intraocular pressure will be too low.