What is mononucleosis? You need to know these

Mononucleosis is a very serious infectious disease that can even directly endanger life safety, so people need to have a certain understanding of it and take preventive measures in advance. The clinical manifestations of this infectious disease are usually high fever, throat infection and swelling and pain, and low platelets. Patients need to choose appropriate treatment methods according to their own symptoms. They also need to seek medical treatment in time, do blood tests, Epstein-Barr virus antibody tests, Epstein-Barr virus antigen tests, and Epstein-Barr virus DNA tests. They also need to do a good job of nursing, pay attention to a light diet and drink plenty of hot water.

1. Basic Information

Mononucleosis syndrome, infectious mononucleosis is an acute mononucleus-macrophage system proliferative infectious disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus infection. It is self-limiting. It is characterized by irregular fever, lymphadenopathy, sore throat, hepatosplenomegaly, rash and a significant increase in mononucleus. It is more common in late autumn and early winter. Patients and virus carriers are the source of infection. It is transmitted orally and young people are susceptible.

2. Aliases

Monocytic syndrome

Common sites of disease

When the fever is high, give fluids and reduce fever.

3. Common Causes

Infectious mononucleosis

4. Common symptoms

(1) When the fever is high, replenish fluids and reduce fever.

(2) Penicillin is used for secondary infection of the pharynx and tonsils.

(3) When concurrent with pharyngeal and laryngeal edema, neurological symptoms, thrombocytopenic purpura, and myocarditis, adrenocortical hormones should be used for treatment.

5. Treatment

Western medicine has no special treatment and is generally symptomatic.

6. Prevention and conditioning

1. Acute patients should be isolated

2. Take rest, eat light food and drink plenty of water

7. Monocytosis

1. Clinical symptoms

At least 3 of the following symptoms are positive: ① fever; ② pharyngitis, tonsillitis; ③ cervical lymphadenopathy (greater than 1 cm); ④ hepatomegaly; ⑤ splenomegaly.

2. Blood test

(1) Lymphocytes>50% of white blood cell classification or total lymphocyte count ≥5.0×109/L;

(2) Atypical lymphocytes ≥10% or total number ≥1.0×109/L.

3.EB virus antibody test

Negative EB nuclear antigen in the acute phase, and one of the following:

(1) Anti-VCA-IgM antibodies are initially positive and then turn negative;

(2) the titer of anti-VCA-IgG antibody in duplicate sera increased by more than 4 times;

(3) Transient increase in EA antibodies;

(4) VCA-IgG antibody is positive in the early stage; EB virus nuclear antigen antibody turns positive in the later stage.

4.EB virus DNA test

Positive EBV DNA in blood, saliva, oropharyngeal epithelial cells, urine or tissues.

5. EB virus antigen test

Positive antigen test by direct nasopharyngeal swab

If the above clinical symptoms and blood tests are met, and one of items 3 to 5 is also present, the diagnosis can be confirmed.