What are the causes of sudden hematuria

Hematuria is not a single disease, it is a symptom caused by a certain disease. When the hematuria is severe, the patient will obviously see that the urine is reddish when urinating. The reddish substance is the increased red blood cells, which can be further confirmed through laboratory tests. There are many causes of hematuria. Some inflammations of the urinary system often cause symptoms of hematuria, such as vaginitis, urethritis, etc. Some other stone diseases are also important causes of hematuria, common ones are kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones, etc. Of course, some malignant tumors can also cause hematuria, such as prostate tumors, etc.

Causes of hematuria:

1. Urinary system diseases

(1) Stones: such as kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra stones, oxaluria, etc.;

(2) Infection: It is not specific to acute pyelonephritis, cystourethritis, and prostatitis. It is specific to infections caused by tuberculosis, fungi, and viruses.

(3) Nephritis: such as acute nephritis, IgA nephropathy, mesangial proliferative nephritis, membranoproliferative nephritis, crescentic nephritis, focal proliferative nephritis, membranous nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

(4) Tumors: such as kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, and prostate tumors.

(5) Hereditary and congenital diseases: such as congenital arteriovenous fistula, congenital horseshoe kidney, thin basement membrane nephropathy, Alport syndrome, nail-patella syndrome, polycystic kidney, medullary sponge kidney, congenital solitary kidney, cavernous hemangioma, etc.

(6) Vascular diseases: malignant hypertension, renal artery embolism, renal vein thrombosis, renal arteriovenous malformation, varicose vein rupture of the urinary tract, low back pain-hematuria syndrome, etc.;

(7) Injury: such as damage to the kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, etc.

(8) Embolism or thrombosis: such as renal infarction, renal vein thrombosis, etc.

(9) Other causes: such as renal artery aneurysm, intravesical endometriosis, etc.

2. Systemic diseases

Such as blood diseases, immune diseases, infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, allergic poisoning, etc.

3. Diseases of organs adjacent to the urinary tract

Common inflammations and tumors: such as acute appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease or abscess, ureteritis or abscess, etc.

4. Drugs and chemical factors

Such as sulfonamides, indomethacin, mannitol, cyclophosphamide, etc.