What is interventional treatment for pulmonary embolism?

Pulmonary embolism is a relatively serious disease. Its main types include amniotic fluid embolism, fat embolism syndrome and pulmonary thromboembolism. This disease is a clinical and pathophysiological syndrome of pulmonary circulation disorder caused by endogenous or exogenous emboli blocking the pulmonary artery or its branches. It has a certain mortality rate, so it needs our attention.

Interventional treatment of pulmonary embolism mainly includes intra-catheter thrombolysis, catheter thrombus crushing, local mechanical dissipation, balloon angioplasty, vena cava filter placement, etc. Its indications include:

1. Acute massive PE;

2. Patients with hemodynamic instability;

3. Poor thrombolytic efficacy or contraindications;

4. Patients for whom percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) is contraindicated or cannot be implemented;

5. Acute massive PE with progressive hypotension;

6. Those with severe breathing difficulties, shock, syncope, or palpitations;

7. Patients with contraindications to thrombolysis;

8. Patients with contraindications to thoracotomy and/or those with easily dislodged inferior vena cava and lower limb vein thrombosis.