How should atherosclerosis be treated?

The occurrence of atherosclerosis seriously affects the patient's daily health. The elderly are especially susceptible to these diseases, so they need to eat a reasonable and healthy diet, reduce calorie intake, and also pay attention to the use of some lipid-lowering drugs.

1. Comprehensive treatment

(1) Eat a balanced diet. The total calorie intake should not be too high to prevent overweight.

(2) Maintain moderate physical activity.

(3) Arrange work and life reasonably.

(4) Other aspects. It is recommended not to smoke, but drinking a small amount of alcohol is allowed.

(5) Control risk factors. If you have diabetes, you should control your blood sugar in time, including diet control. The glucose-lowering drugs for type 2 diabetes should not cause hyperinsulinemia, such as Diamecon; if there is hypertension, antihypertensive drugs should be given to lower the blood pressure to an appropriate level. If there is elevated blood cholesterol, high cholesterol should be controlled and appropriate lipid-lowering drugs should be given.

2. Medication

(1) Lipid-lowering drugs: ① Statins; ② Fibrates; ③ Niacin; ④ Cholestyramine; ⑤ Clofibrate; ⑥ Unsaturated fatty acids such as Yishouning, Xuezhiping and Xinmaile; ⑦ Sodium alginate diester.

(2) Antiplatelet drugs: ① Aspirin; ② Dipansonine; ③ Clopidogrel; ④ Cilostachys.

(3) Hirudin also has antiplatelet effects. Platelet aggregation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Vascular endothelial cell damage (including atherosclerotic plaque rupture) and endothelial dysfunction are the first step in causing platelet activation. The above conditions expose the subendothelial collagen tissue, and natural hirudin has a clear inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation by inhibiting thrombin-induced platelet activation.