Can macular hole heal itself?

Macular holes cannot heal themselves, so once you are found to be suffering from these diseases or showing symptoms, you should pay attention to it. Severe patients now need surgical treatment of macular holes, and proper care should also be paid attention to after the operation.

1. Macular hole refers to the tissue defect from the inner limiting membrane of the retina to the photoreceptor cell layer in the macula, which seriously damages the patient's central vision.

2. Surgical treatment of macular holes was previously a forbidden area and was only considered when there was a large area of ​​peripheral retinal detachment. In recent years, due to the study of the pathogenesis of macular holes, it has been recognized that the formation of macular holes is closely related to the traction of the vitreous body on the tangential direction of the fovea. Therefore, vitrectomy to remove the vitreous cortex in front of the fovea has been widely used to treat macular holes.

3. The purpose of surgery is to relieve vitreous-macular traction. For patients in stage I, removal of the vitreous, especially the posterior vitreous cortex in front of the macular area, can reposition the detached central fovea of ​​the macula. For patients who have formed a full-thickness macular hole, the surgical objectives are multifaceted, including relieving vitreous-macular traction, peeling off the epiretinal membrane or inner retinal limiting membrane associated with the onset of the macular hole, and filling the eye with gas to close the macular hole. For refractory macular holes (such as large holes or recurrent holes), the use of autologous serum, β2 transforming growth factor (TGF-β2), or autologous platelet concentrates applied to the macular hole may increase choroidal retinal adhesion in the hole area and promote hole closure and healing.

4. Due to the gas filling in the eye, macular hole surgery requires the patient to lie prone after the surgery. The duration of the prone position depends on the type of gas filled in the eye. Usually 1-2 weeks. At this time, follow the routine intraocular filling care after vitreous surgery.