Myeloma pain, best way to treat

Myeloma is a common disease among the elderly, with more male patients. In many cases, there are no obvious symptoms in the early stages. As the disease worsens, bone pain, anemia, and kidney damage will occur, requiring timely chemotherapy or surgical treatment.

1. Supportive treatment: Supportive treatment plays an important role in the treatment of this disease and cannot be ignored.

Patients who are bedridden for a long time are prone to bone decalcification, hypercalcemia, and renal insufficiency. Encouraging patients to engage in appropriate regular activities can help improve the above conditions. If bone pain limits activity, analgesics or local radiation can be given to achieve analgesic effects. Patients with lesions in the thoracic ribs or thoracolumbar spine should be protected with lightweight corrective braces to relieve pain and prevent pathological fractures. Patients with severe thoracic and/or lumbar compression fractures and possible spinal cord damage and paraplegia need to limit their activities. Patients with osteolytic lesions in the thoracic and lumbar spine should sleep on a hard wooden bed with a cushion to prevent fractures and spinal cord damage caused by excessive bending of the spine.

2. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is the main treatment for this disease. The application of new chemotherapy drugs and the improvement of medication methods are the key factors in improving the efficacy of this disease in recent years.

3. Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy is suitable for the treatment of solitary bone plasmacytoma and extramedullary plasmacytoma that are not suitable for surgical resection. It is also an effective treatment for alleviating severe local bone pain. In addition, for recurrent or drug-resistant patients who are not responsive to chemotherapy, half-body radiotherapy or half-body radiotherapy plus combined chemotherapy is used, with an effective rate of about 50%. The radiation dose is generally 625cGy for the upper body or 850cGy for the lower body. In recent years, due to the progress of bone marrow transplantation, whole-body radiotherapy is mostly used as one of the pretreatment measures before transplantation, and is no longer used alone.

4. Surgical treatment: When osteolytic lesions occur in the thoracic or lumbar spine, causing the patient to be bedridden and possibly suffering from paraplegia due to compression fractures, the diseased vertebra can be removed and artificial vertebral body replaced and fixed. A successful operation will prevent the patient from paraplegia, restore mobility to a certain extent, and improve the quality of life.

5. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Although chemotherapy has achieved significant therapeutic effects on this disease, it has not been able to cure the disease. Therefore, since the 1980s, bone marrow transplantation has been tried in combination with superdose chemotherapy and whole body radiation to cure the disease. Syngeneic, allogeneic, and autologous bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation have been used in the clinical treatment of this disease.

The incidence of multiple myeloma is on the rise, and more and more people are suffering from the disease. After the onset of multiple myeloma, patients will show some symptoms. Timely detection of the presence of multiple myeloma patients and timely medical treatment are very beneficial for the recovery of the disease.