Rehabilitation training for femoral neck fracture, traction care is very important

Femoral neck fracture is very common among the elderly. In many cases, this disease is caused by osteoporosis. Therefore, the elderly should prevent osteoporosis in time. If a femoral neck fracture occurs, more rehabilitation training should be carried out. The most common treatment is traction therapy.

1. For abduction fractures without obvious displacement, elderly patients can use continuous traction of the affected limb for 6 to 8 weeks. For those who need surgical treatment, traction treatment can be performed for 7 to 10 days before surgery to relieve pain, avoid fracture displacement, damage to surrounding tissues, facilitate surgical reduction, and reduce bleeding during surgery. The traction methods include skin traction and bone traction.

2. During skin traction care, pay attention to whether the tape and bandage are loose or falling off, and whether there is any tape allergy. Encourage the patient to take a semi-recumbent position and do quadriceps contraction and relaxation exercises, and ankle and toe flexion and extension exercises. If using a traction belt for the lower limbs, place cotton pads on the bony protrusions, pay attention to check the tightness, observe whether the bony protrusions are under pressure, and observe the blood circulation and sensory movement of the limb extremities.

3. Bone traction care often uses bone traction at the tibial tuberosity. During nursing care, special attention should be paid to observing for symptoms of common peroneal nerve injury, such as weakness in dorsiflexion of the foot and sensory and motor disorders in the lower limbs. To prevent needle tract infection, keep the needle eye clean and dry, and disinfect the needle eye with 75% alcohol 1 to 2 times a day. To prevent the traction needle from sliding left and right, bend the traction needle slightly, insert a small rubber bottle stopper through both ends of the traction needle, and clamp it at both ends of the traction needle where it enters and exits the skin. If there is deviation, do not simply retract the traction. Use iodine tincture and alcohol disinfection and adjust it to symmetry. During the traction process, pay attention to keeping the affected limb in the neutral position of abduction, and the traction force line should be consistent with the axis of the affected limb; the traction weight should be 1/7 to 1/10 of the body weight. After the fracture is reduced, the weight should be reduced accordingly for continuous traction to avoid the weight being too light or too heavy, which may cause fracture displacement or over-traction. Strive to keep the traction effective, the pulley should be flexible, and the traction hammer should be suspended in the air. After traction treatment and careful nursing, the patient can usually walk with the help of crutches after 3 months and can walk without crutches after 6 months.