What are the symptoms of liver damage

Liver injury commonly presents symptoms such as thirst, nausea, vomiting, and hypovolemic shock. Some patients may also experience massive intra-abdominal bleeding and abdominal distension, so based on these symptoms, we need further diagnosis.

1. Patients with liver trauma generally have a clear history of right-sided chest and abdominal trauma, and experience thirst, nausea, and vomiting. Mainly hypovolemic shock and peritonitis. Some patients with liver trauma may experience massive intra-abdominal bleeding and may also experience symptoms such as abdominal distension. Due to different causes of injury, the clinical manifestations of liver trauma are also inconsistent.

2. Hematoma under the liver capsule or small hematoma in the liver parenchyma. Clinically, it mainly presents as dull pain in the liver area, and physical examination may reveal enlarged liver or upper abdominal mass. If the hematoma is connected to the bile duct, it will manifest as bile duct bleeding, causing upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Long-term repeated bleeding can lead to chronic progressive anemia. If the bleeding in the hematoma continues to increase, the tension of the liver capsule will be too great and it will suddenly rupture under the action of external force, causing acute hemorrhagic shock. Therefore, when performing nonsurgical treatment on patients with subcapsular hematoma, attention must be paid to the possibility of delayed bleeding. If the hematoma becomes infected, symptoms of liver abscess such as chills, high fever, and pain in the liver area may appear.

3. When the liver is superficially lacerated, there is usually only right upper abdominal pain, and shock and peritonitis rarely occur, because the amount of bleeding is small, the bile extravasation is not much, and the bleeding can usually stop on its own within a short period of time.

4. Central liver rupture or open liver injury The liver tissue is extensively fragmented, generally involving larger blood vessels and bile ducts. Patients with liver trauma often experience symptoms of acute shock and peritoneal irritation due to excessive intra-abdominal bleeding and bile extravasation. Symptoms include abdominal pain, pale face, weak pulse, decreased blood pressure, decreased urine volume, etc. There is obvious abdominal tenderness and tense abdominal muscles. As bleeding increases, the above symptoms become more severe.

5. When the liver is severely lacerated or combined with rupture of large blood vessels near the liver portal, such as the portal vein and inferior vena cava, uncontrollable massive bleeding may occur. Large blood vessel injury can lead to massive dynamic blood loss and cause fatal hypovolemic shock, which often causes death during the treatment process and loses the opportunity for surgical treatment.