Why can normal people maintain their blood sugar at a certain level?

Maintaining blood sugar at a normal level is very important for human health. The blood sugar levels of many diabetic patients are generally relatively high or low and cannot be maintained at a normal level. So why can the blood sugar of normal people be maintained at a certain level? This is closely related to the operation of various systems in the human body. Let us explain it below.

Glucose in human blood is called blood sugar. Blood sugar fluctuates with changes in eating and activity, but in a normal person, although blood sugar fluctuates, it is in a dynamic balance and maintains a relatively stable level (concentration). Normal levels of blood sugar are extremely important for the physiological functions of various tissues and organs in the human body. Stabilizing blood sugar concentration mainly depends on the liver, hormones and nervous system.

(1) Liver: When blood sugar rises, glucose enters liver cells. Liver cells synthesize a large amount of glucose into glycogen and store it for future use. Part of the glucose is synthesized into fat, so that excessive glucose does not enter the blood circulation. Liver cells can generate glucose through two pathways, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, and send it into the blood circulation to increase blood sugar levels.

(2) Nervous system: The central nervous system secretes adrenaline and norepinephrine through the sympathetic nervous system or adrenal medulla, inhibiting insulin secretion and increasing blood sugar. The central nervous system increases insulin secretion through the parasympathetic nervous system. Various stress states, such as acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, trauma, surgery, anesthesia, severe infection, pain, shock, tension and anxiety, can increase the secretion of adrenal cortex hormones, glucagon, epinephrine and norepinephrine, causing a temporary increase in blood sugar.

Blood sugar is maintained at a normal level through the mutual regulation of many organs and the nervous system. Only when the various functional organs and nervous system of a normal person function normally can they maintain a healthy blood sugar level. It is also recommended that patients with unstable blood sugar take medication on time to help themselves control their blood sugar levels.