The purpose of ECG monitor_The purpose of ECG monitoring

Nowadays, the equipment in hospitals is becoming more and more advanced, and various kinds of equipment have appeared in our lives. So if you feel any discomfort, you just need to go to the hospital for a check-up. However, you still need to pay attention to things like electrocardiogram monitors. The main purpose is to observe some dynamics of the patient's body, including physical and mental changes, etc., by detecting the patient's heart rate and various body functions, to achieve the most critical treatment effect.

Purpose of ECG monitoring

Rationale

The working state of the heart is reflected by detecting the changes in the potential difference (i.e., leads) between two specific points on the human body surface due to the heart's electrical activity.

Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram - The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart is the power source for the blood to circulate in the blood vessels. The excitation and propagation of excitation of myocardial cells are based on the bioelectric activity of the cell membrane. The overall bioelectric activity of all myocardial cell membranes constitutes the ECG signal.

Electrocardiogram (ECG): The ECG signal is transmitted through human tissue to the body surface, where it is monitored by ECG electrodes and recorded on a timeline to form an ECG.

Monitors can generally monitor multi-lead or twelve-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), and can perform further analysis on ECG waveforms, such as arrhythmia analysis, pacing analysis, and ST segment analysis.

Monitoring ECG cannot completely replace the standard electrocardiograph. Currently, the monitored ECG waveform generally cannot provide the more subtle structure of the ECG waveform, and the bandwidth of the two instruments in the measurement circuit is also different.

ECG monitoring is divided into heart rhythm (rhythm) monitoring and heart rate (rate) monitoring. The so-called heart rhythm refers to the regularity of the heartbeat, that is, whether the cycle of each heartbeat is equal to the next; the so-called heart rate refers to the number of times the heart beats per minute. Heart rhythm and heart rate are two completely different concepts. ECG monitoring of critically ill patients is the most effective means of monitoring heart rhythm. Through monitoring, abnormal heart rhythm, various heart rhythm disorders, such as atrial and ventricular premature beats, myocardial blood supply, electrolyte disorders, etc. can be detected.

ECG leads

ECG electrodes are sensors connected to the human body surface to monitor ECG signals.

ECG lead: A circuit consisting of any two ECG electrodes connected to the human body surface.

Standard leads, also known as bipolar limb leads, reflect the potential difference between the two limbs.

1 conductor = left hand voltage - right hand voltage

2nd lead = left leg voltage - right hand voltage

3rd lead = left leg voltage - left hand voltage

Lead 1 connects the left upper limb electrode to the positive terminal of the electrocardiograph, and the right upper limb electrode to the negative terminal, reflecting the potential difference between the left upper limb (L) and the right upper limb (R). When the potential of L is higher than that of R, an upward waveform is recorded; when the potential of R is higher than that of L, a downward waveform is recorded. Similarly, the 2-lead electrode of the left lower limb is connected to the positive terminal of the electrocardiograph, and the electrode of the right upper limb is connected to the negative terminal, reflecting the potential difference between the left lower limb (F) and the right upper limb (R).

When the potential of F is higher than that of R, an upward waveform is recorded; otherwise, a downward wave is recorded. The 3-lead connects the left lower limb to the positive terminal of the electrocardiograph and the left upper limb electrode to the negative terminal, reflecting the potential difference between the left lower limb (F) and the left upper limb (L). When the potential of F is higher than that of L, an upward waveform is recorded; otherwise, a downward wave is recorded.