Prevention of mumps

Each of us cannot live without food every day, and at the same time, we eat through everyone's mouth. In fact, everyone knows how important the mouth is to us humans, because we use the mouth not only for eating, but also for drinking and talking. Without a mouth, we cannot communicate with others. If we cannot communicate with others, we cannot expand our social circle and become ignorant.

Therefore, we usually pay great attention to taking care of our mouths. For example, when our mouths are dry in winter, we will apply some lip balm; when our mouths are thirsty in summer, we will quench our thirst with water or drinks. However, the above are all general situations. If our mouth is infected by bacteria or viruses and causes related diseases, such as "mumps", what should we do? Let’s take a closer look at how to prevent mumps.

Mumps virus belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae. The virus is spherical with a diameter of 100 to 200 microns. The spore membrane contains neuraminidase, hemagglutinin and F protein with cell fusion function. The virus has only one serotype and has a mild cross-reaction with the parainfluenza virus because it shares common antigens with the parainfluenza virus. The virus can be isolated from the saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, blood, urine, brain tissue and other tissues of the children. Diagnosis is not difficult based on the epidemic situation and contact history, as well as the characteristics of parotid swelling. In case of atypical suspicious cases, the above-mentioned laboratory examination methods can be used to further clarify the diagnosis. This disease is a self-limiting disease. There is currently no specific anti-mumps drug, and antibiotic treatment is ineffective. Treatment is mainly symptomatic, isolating the patient and keeping him/her in bed until the parotid swelling completely subsides. Pay attention to oral hygiene, eat liquid or soft food, avoid acidic food, and ensure liquid intake. Ribavirin and Chinese herbal medicine can be used for treatment, such as Zijin Ding or Ruyi Jinhuang Powder, which can be mixed with vinegar and applied externally. Antipyretic and analgesic drugs can be used if the body temperature reaches 38.5 degrees or above. Patients with meningoencephalitis are given sedatives and drugs to reduce intracranial pressure. Children with orchitis should be given antipyretics and analgesics when they are in pain, and local cold compresses and testicular support can be used. Hormones and antibiotics can also be used. Patients with pancreatitis should fast, replenish energy, and pay attention to water and electrolyte balance.

The following are ways to prevent mumps:

1. Manage the source of infection

Isolate the patient early until the parotid swelling subsides completely. Contacts are generally quarantined for 3 weeks.

2. Passive Immunity

Giving high-priced mumps immunoglobulin can have a certain effect, but it is difficult to obtain and promote.

3. Autoimmunity

Routine administration of live attenuated mumps vaccine or measles, mumps and rubella vaccine within 14 months of birth is effective. The immunization route is subcutaneous injection, and nasal spray or aerosol inhalation can also be used. Transient fever may occur after vaccination, and occasionally mumps may occur 1 week after vaccination. Fever, chills, fatigue, loss of appetite, and unilateral or bilateral non-suppurative parotid swelling and pain or other salivary gland swelling and pain after 1 to 2 days. The bloating and pain are more obvious when eating acidic foods. Redness and swelling may be seen at the opening of the parotid duct. The peripheral blood leukocyte count is normal or slightly low, and the lymphocyte count increases in the later stage. There is a history of close contact with mumps patients 1 to 4 weeks before onset of illness.

Indeed, as introduced above, most of us don’t know what to do when we get mumps, because sometimes it takes a long time to go to the hospital for treatment, and the human body feels very uncomfortable. Therefore, prevention is more important than treatment of mumps. Therefore, we must comprehensively prevent mumps in our daily lives.