Gastric media tumor

The external medium tumor is also called stromal tumor, which is not easy to get sick. However, because of eating bad things frequently or not paying attention to one's eating habits, it will gradually turn into ulcers of the gastric mucosa. Gradually, coupled with a polyp, it is very harmful. It is necessary to choose the appropriate method of treatment according to the patient's physical condition to avoid worsening of the disease.

"Mesenchymal tumor" is "stromal tumor"

Basic Introduction

However, as tumors arising from mesenchymal tissue, the concept of gastrointestinal leiomyoma or sarcoma has not been ruled out. It is just that in the current clinical pathological diagnosis, this type of tumor only accounts for a small part of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors. Therefore, we must currently change the concept of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors from being mainly smooth muscle tumors to being mainly gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Research History

Gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors account for only a minority of gastrointestinal tumors, but they are numerous and complex in morphology. In the past, due to the limitations of pathological techniques, many spindle cell tumors of the gastrointestinal tract mixed with smooth muscle fibers or nerve bundles were often diagnosed as smooth muscle tumors or neurogenic tumors. Current studies suggest that most of them are c-kit-positive or CD34-positive mesenchymal tumors similar to Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC), which are currently defined as gastrointestinal stromal tumors, while smooth muscle-derived or neurogenic tumors account for only a very small number.

In 1960, Matin et al. first reported 6 cases of round or polygonal cell tumors with rich cytoplasm in the gastric wall, which were named gastric epithelioid leiomyoma; in 1962, Stout reported 69 cases of gastric mesenchymal tumors, which were called "bizarre leiomyoma" or "leiomyoblastoma"; in 1969, it was called epithelioid leiomyoblastoma in the WHO tumor classification. Although it was suspected because no evidence of smooth muscle was found under electron microscopy, it was not given enough attention. In 1983, Mazur and Clark found that most gastrointestinal stromal tumors lacked the characteristics of smooth muscle cells and proposed the concept of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, defining GIST as all gastrointestinal spindle cell tumors with unknown biological behavior and origin.

Since then, the concept of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has gradually been recognized and accepted by most people. In 1998, Kindblon et al. showed that GIST is similar to the Cajal cells around the gastrointestinal myenteric plexus, and both have positive expression of c-kit gene, CD117, and CD34. ICC is a gastrointestinal pacemaker cell, so some people also call it gastrointestinal pacemaker cell tumor (GIPACT).

However, GIST can occur outside the gastrointestinal tract, such as the greater omentum and mesentery, and GIST tumor cells do not have ICC function. Therefore, it is currently believed that GIST may not originate from ICC, but from precursor cells (mesenchymal stem cells) that are homologous to ICC. This can also explain the focal expression of myogenic markers in some tumor cells. Therefore, most authors currently do not agree to replace GIST nomenclature with GIPACT nomenclature. At this stage, the name GIST is more appropriate.