What causes bone cancer

The occurrence of bone cancer is related to genetics, environmental factors, physiological factors, trauma and pathological changes. Specific causes include gene mutation, radiation exposure, bone abnormalities, etc. Treatment methods include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

1. Genetic factors play an important role in the occurrence of bone cancer. Certain genetic diseases such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome and hereditary retinoblastoma increase the risk of bone cancer. Gene mutations may cause uncontrolled cell growth and eventually form tumors. People with a family history of bone cancer should undergo regular physical examinations to detect abnormalities early.

2. Environmental factors are also an important cause of bone cancer. Long-term exposure to high-dose radiation, such as X-rays or nuclear radiation, may damage the DNA of bone cells and lead to cancer. Certain chemicals such as benzene and asbestos may also increase the risk of bone cancer. Reducing exposure to harmful substances and paying attention to protective measures can help reduce the probability of disease.

3. Physiological factors such as bone abnormalities or chronic inflammation may induce bone cancer. Paget's disease is a bone disease that may cause abnormal bone structure and increase the risk of cancer. Inflammatory diseases such as chronic osteomyelitis may also promote tumor formation. Maintaining bone health and timely treatment of bone diseases can help prevent bone cancer.

4. Trauma is associated with the occurrence of bone cancer. Severe fractures or bone injuries may cause abnormal cell proliferation and increase the risk of cancer. Paying attention to safety during exercise or daily life and avoiding bone injuries are important measures to prevent bone cancer.

5. Pathological changes are the direct cause of bone cancer. Benign bone tumors such as osteochondroma may turn into bone cancer. Bone metastasis of other cancers such as breast cancer or prostate cancer may also lead to secondary bone cancer. Regular physical examinations, early detection and treatment of tumors are the key to preventing bone cancer.

Treatments include surgery to remove the tumor, radiation therapy to kill cancer cells, chemotherapy to inhibit tumor growth, and targeted therapy to precisely attack cancer cells. Surgery is the main treatment for bone cancer and includes tumor removal, amputation, and bone transplantation. Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and is suitable for patients who cannot undergo surgery. Chemotherapy uses drugs such as cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate to inhibit tumor growth. Targeted therapies, such as pazopanib and denosumab, target specific molecular targets to improve the effectiveness of treatment.

The occurrence of bone cancer is related to many factors, and prevention and treatment require comprehensive consideration. Regular physical examinations, reducing exposure to harmful substances, maintaining bone health, and early detection and treatment of tumors are the keys to reducing the risk of bone cancer. There are many treatment methods, and the appropriate plan should be selected according to the patient's specific situation to improve the treatment effect and quality of life.