Recurrence rate of melanoma in situ

Melanoma is a tumor that develops from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanoma in situ is a type of melanoma, and it is an early stage of melanoma. According to the TNM staging system, melanoma can be divided into stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV. The recurrence rate of early stage melanoma, i.e. stage I and stage II lesions, is relatively low. With active treatment, the 5-year survival rate of patients is high, reaching more than 90%, but 10% of patients may experience long-term recurrence and metastasis.

Melanoma is highly malignant and occurs mostly on the skin, but can also occur in mucosa (including visceral mucosa), uveal tract, pia mater, and other different parts or tissues. Early stage melanoma mainly refers to abnormal proliferation of melanocytes that are still limited to the epidermis and have not yet invaded the dermis.

1. Stage I: Melanoma with a diameter of less than 2 cm and no spread is classified as stage I. Patients with stage I usually have a higher cure rate, with a 5-year survival rate of about 97%.

2. Stage II: Melanoma with a diameter of 2-5 cm and no spread is considered stage II. After surgery, the 5-year survival rate of stage II patients is generally 60%-80%.

3. Stage III: Mainly refers to melanoma with a diameter greater than 2 cm and local spread. Stage III melanoma is divided according to the number of lymph node metastases. If one lymph node is metastasized, the 5-year survival rate is 75%. If 4 lymph nodes are metastatic, the 5-year survival rate is only 25%.

4. Stage IV: Melanoma is relatively large, or has spread locally and metastasized to distant organs. Stage IV melanoma has metastasized to other organs, and the average survival period is only about half a year, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 10%.

The specific survival rate of melanoma patients varies due to individual differences, severity of the disease, treatment methods and other factors. For melanoma patients, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are the key to improve survival and cure rates. Clinical treatment methods include surgical resection, cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, chemotherapy, etc. During treatment, patients should actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment plan, follow the doctor's advice for regular checkups, and do a good job of daily care, such as avoiding sun exposure, maintaining a good attitude, and a reasonable diet, etc., which will help reduce the risk of recurrence.