The incidence of prostate cancer varies from place to place. How to prevent prostate cancer?

Warren Buffett, the American stock market tycoon, wrote to shareholders of his company Berkshire Hathaway that he has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, but he remained optimistic in the letter and said that he is feeling well now, and the doctor said that his disease is "not life-threatening at present." What are the causes of prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer incidence varies by region

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that originates from the prostate gland. If a gene mutation in one of the cells causes uncontrolled proliferation, it becomes cancer. In addition to increasing in size or invading adjacent organs, malignant cells may also metastasize to other parts of the body, especially bones and lymph nodes. Prostate cancer may cause symptoms such as pain, difficulty urinating, and erectile dysfunction.

Prostate cancer occurs all over the world. The incidence rate varies from place to place. The United States has the highest incidence rate in the world, followed by Europe (the incidence rate varies in different parts of Europe), and the lowest in East Asia and South Asia. From the perspective of race, blacks have the highest incidence rate of prostate cancer, while whites and yellows have the lowest incidence rate of prostate cancer. Yellows living in the native land have a lower incidence rate than those who immigrated to North America. However, in recent years, the incidence rate in my country has been on the rise. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, and the number of people who die from it is second only to lung cancer.

What are the causes of prostate cancer?

(1) Age: Age is the main risk factor for prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is very rare in men under 45 years old, but the incidence of prostate cancer increases sharply with age, and the vast majority of prostate cancer patients are over 65 years old. Basically, the incidence of prostate cancer almost doubles with every 10 years of age after the age of 40. The risk of prostate cancer in men aged 50-59 is 10%, while the risk of prostate cancer in men aged 80-89 increases sharply to 70%.

(2) Family history: When a direct male relative in the family has prostate cancer, the incidence rate of males in the family increases significantly. Direct male relatives generally refer to fathers and brothers. If one direct relative has prostate cancer, the probability of having prostate cancer is 1 times higher than that of the general population; if there are two, it will be 3 times higher. This indicates that the occurrence of prostate cancer may be related to one or a group of genes in the body, but these genes have not yet been fully identified by scientists.

(3) Race: The incidence of prostate cancer is highest among African Americans (i.e., black Americans), followed by Hispanics and white Americans. The incidence of prostate cancer among African Americans is the lowest in the world. The incidence of prostate cancer among Asian men living in the United States is lower than that among white men, but significantly higher than that among native Asian men. Although the incidence of prostate cancer among Asians has not yet reached the level of European and American countries, the incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing year by year in mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore.

(4) Pathological changes of abnormal cells in the prostate: The incidence of prostate cancer is significantly increased in men with high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia. High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia is a precancerous lesion that shows abnormal cell growth morphology under a microscope. Although it is not cancer, it often indicates the presence of prostate cancer, which has not yet been detected.

How to prevent prostate cancer?

1. Studies have shown that the increased risk of prostate cancer is related to sexually transmitted diseases, especially gonorrhea, genital warts, etc. Although the pathogenesis of prostate cancer has not been clearly determined, it is generally believed to be related to the imbalance of sex hormone regulation, but recently it has been suggested that some inflammations are related to prostate cancer.

2. Eat less spicy and irritating food, eat more light and easily digestible food, eat more fresh vegetables, quit smoking and drinking, and keep your bowels open.

3. Eating more protein-rich bean products can significantly reduce the incidence of prostate cancer. The ideal ratio of fat to total dietary calories is 10%-20%.

4. Avoid compressing the prostate, do not sit for a long time, take adequate rest and change body position in time to avoid local congestion of the prostate.

5. Regular life, regular sleeping and daily routines, and regular meals can protect the prostate. Drinking more water and urinating more often can help flush the urethra with urine to help discharge prostate secretions and prevent infection.

6. Drink more water and urinate more often. Urination can flush the urethra, help the prostate discharge excess secretions, and prevent prostate infection.

7. Keep a good mood and pay attention to personal hygiene. It is important to get enough sleep, have a moderate sex life and an optimistic attitude. Adhere to hot water baths and try not to wear jeans or tight pants.

8. Do some physical exercise, which can enhance the body's immunity and disease resistance. Regular exercise of the abdomen, thighs and buttocks can massage the prostate, improve blood circulation and lymphatic circulation, help enhance internal resistance and reduce the incidence of prostate cancer.

9. Tobacco is another important risk factor for prostate cancer. Medical staff should first set an example of not smoking and advise patients to quit smoking to reduce the harm of tobacco to the human body.