What are the causes of cervical precancerous lesions? Can smoking cause cervical precancerous lesions?

There are many reasons for cervical precancerous lesions, but in the final analysis, they are mainly related to marriage and sex life. Early marriage, early childbearing, frequent sexual intercourse, multiple births, cervical erosion, sex hormone disorders, etc. can induce cervical cancer. If female cervical cells are stimulated or infected for a long time, a series of inflammatory reactions will occur, and normal and healthy cervical cells will become abnormally proliferative and may become early cervical cancer cells.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. About 200,000 women die from cervical cancer every year worldwide. The cause of cervical precancerous lesions is still unclear. Currently, it is believed to be the result of the synergistic effect of multiple factors, including the following:

1. Improper sex life

Women who do not have sex usually do not get cervical cancer. The earlier they start having sex, the more likely they are to get cervical cancer in the future. Sexual promiscuity (including men and women), age of first sexual intercourse, marital factors, cervical erosion, and viral infection (HSV-2, HpV) are high-risk factors for cervical cancer. According to foreign reports, those who have sex before the age of 15 or have more than 6 sexual partners have a 10-fold increased risk of cervical cancer. At the same time, the cholesterol in the smegma of men can be converted into carcinogens after being acted upon by bacteria, which is also an important cause of cervical cancer.

2. HPV infection

High-risk papillomavirus (HpV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. More than 90% of cervical cancer patients are infected with high-risk HpV. When HpV infection continues to exist, cervical cancer can be induced by factors such as smoking, use of contraceptives, sexually transmitted diseases, etc. This process is very long, that is, it takes a long time for HPV infection to develop into precancerous lesions CIN and from CIN to cancer. Regular examinations can detect and treat it in time before it becomes cancerous.

3. Cervical inflammation and abnormal hormone secretion

If there is long-term cervical damage, skin rupture, erosion and inflammation, it may be transformed into early cervical cancer cells. Investigations have shown that abnormal secretion of progesterone (female hormone) can change the stability of cervical epithelial cells, leading to abnormal changes and the development of cervical cancer cells.

4. Smoking

Smoking increases the chance of developing cervical cancer because it reduces the body's immunity and accelerates the development of cervical cancer cells. In addition, some carcinogens produced by smoking may also lead to the development of cervical cancer cells.