What causes testicular cancer

As one of the most common cancers in young men, the cause of testicular cancer is not well known. According to statistics, the incidence rate of testicular cancer in men is 7 per 100,000, and it is increasing year by year. The cause is usually the metastasis of malignant tumors. So what causes testicular cancer? Let's learn about it together.

Although many data suggest that the occurrence of testicular tumors may be related to testicular trauma, endocrine disorders, genetics and infection, there is a lack of sufficient evidence. So far, the most convincing is the relationship between incomplete testicular descent (cryptorchidism) and testicular tumors. A large amount of data confirms that the malignant rate of cryptorchidism, especially abdominal cryptorchidism, is much higher than that of normal descended testicles. It is 3 to 14 times the incidence of normal people.

It is currently believed that factors such as testicular germ cell abnormalities, elevated temperature, blood supply disorders, endocrine disorders, and gonadal dysgenesis may be related to the malignant transformation of cryptorchidism. The relationship between cryptorchidism and testicular tumors has attracted the attention of scholars from various countries, who emphasize that orchiopexy before the age of 6 is an effective measure to prevent the malignant transformation of cryptorchidism, and has achieved significant results. The incidence of cryptorchidism in China is similar to that in other countries, but the proportion of cryptorchid tumors is significantly higher than that in other countries, which may be related to the fact that China has not yet generally performed testicular traction fixation on preschool children with cryptorchidism.

There are two main types: spermatomatous carcinoma and non-spermatomatous carcinoma. Spermatomatous carcinoma accounts for 30% of all testicular cancers. Non-spermatomatous carcinomas include choriocarcinoma, germinal carcinoma, teratocarcinoma, and yolk sac tumor.

Testicular cancer accounts for only 1% of all cancers in men. It is the most common cancer in men aged 20-39. Caucasian men are more likely to get testicular cancer than Asian men. Over the past 40 years, the incidence of testicular cancer in white men has doubled, while the incidence in other men has remained almost the same.

What causes testicular cancer?

1. Cryptorchidism: Normally, the testicles will descend to the scrotum. If the testicles do not descend to the scrotum but remain in the abdominal cavity or groin, the risk of testicular cancer in men will increase significantly. Even surgery to move the testicles to the scrotum will not help.

2. Abnormal testicular development: Men with abnormal testicular development are prone to testicular cancer.

3. Genetic factors: Studies have shown that the occurrence of testicular cancer is related to genetic factors.

4. Klinefelter's syndrome: People with Klinefelter's syndrome (a sex chromosome abnormality with symptoms of low male hormone levels, infertility, large breasts, and small testes) are susceptible to testicular cancer.

5. A history of testicular cancer: Men with a history of testicular cancer are more likely to have testicular cancer in the other testicle. A family history of testicular cancer: If a person's father or brother has testicular cancer, he or she is more likely to have the disease than others.

I have explained the causes of testicular cancer. Through my explanation, I believe everyone will have a certain understanding of the causes of testicular cancer. At the same time, I would like to remind patients with testicular cancer not to worry too much, but to cooperate with doctors in treatment with a positive attitude. Early treatment can lead to early recovery and get rid of the troubles of the disease as soon as possible.