Under what circumstances should thyroid cancer be considered malignant

Under what circumstances should thyroid cancer be considered malignant? Although most thyroid cancers are benign, the possibility of malignant tumors cannot be ruled out. After all, malignant thyroid cancer is very harmful and can threaten the patient's life. Therefore, if you suffer from thyroid cancer, you must first rule out the possibility of malignancy. So, under what circumstances should thyroid cancer be considered malignant?

<1> Single nodule in the thyroid gland of an adult male

<2>Thyroid nodules that have existed for many years may increase significantly in size in a short period of time.

<3> In areas where endemic goiter is not prevalent, 10 to 15 percent of single thyroid nodules in children under 14 years of age are malignant, but all of them are well-differentiated thyroid cancers.

<4> For patients living in coastal areas, the chance of a single nodule being cancer is much higher than that for patients living in endemic goiter areas.

<5> In patients who have received radiation therapy to the head during childhood, a single thyroid nodule is more suspicious.

<6> The mass is hard, fixed, irregular in shape or accompanied by ipsilateral lymphadenopathy and vocal cord paralysis

<7> There are symptoms of invasion of surrounding tissues and organs, such as difficulty breathing, dysphagia, hoarseness, etc.

<8>B-ultrasound shows solid or cystic solid, with uneven internal echoes, unclear and irregular boundaries. Cystic with papillary changes.

<9>X-rays show that the calcification shadows in the thyroid gland are cloudy or granular with irregular borders. Tracheal stenosis caused by thyroid cancer is often narrowed in the left and right diameters, while the anterior-posterior diameter can be normal.

<10> The scan showed that the mass was a “cold nodule”, which could rule out a cyst.

<11> Cancer cells were found during biopsy. The fluid extracted from the cystic tumor may gradually turn dark red, which is a characteristic of metastatic lesions of papillary thyroid cancer.

<12> Long-term diarrhea without blood or pus in the stool, often accompanied by facial flushing.