What is the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma

Health cannot be bought with any amount of money, so you should pay attention to your health and never wait until your body protests before you regret it. The incidence of bile duct cancer is getting higher and higher. What causes it? What is the pathogenesis of bile duct cancer?

1. Infection with liver fluke (Clorchis sinensis) Infection with Clonorchis sinensis is also believed to be related to the occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma. Although Clonorchis sinensis mostly parasitizes in the intrahepatic bile duct, it can also parasitize in the extrahepatic bile duct. The worm itself and its metabolic products cause long-term stimulation to the bile duct mucosal epithelium, causing hyperplasia of the bile duct mucosa, tumor-like changes, and canceration.

2. History of biliary surgery Cholangiocarcinoma may occur many years after surgery and may occur in bile ducts that do not contain stones. It is mainly caused by chronic biliary infection leading to epithelial anaplasia, often after internal biliary drainage.

3. Among patients with a history of exposure to radioactive thorium dioxide and thorium, the onset age of cholangiocarcinoma is 10 years earlier than those with no history of thorium exposure. The average incubation period is 35 years (after exposure to thorium), and it mostly occurs at the distal end of the intrahepatic bile duct tree.

4. Patients with PSC have a higher chance of developing bile duct cancer than the general population. PSC is also related to ulcerative colitis.

5. Hepatitis B virus infection Some domestic bile duct cancer patients are also infected with hepatitis B virus. Whether there is a connection between the two remains to be further clarified.

6. K-ras gene mutation In recent years, molecular biology has shown that the mutation rate of K-ras gene 12 codon in cholangiocarcinoma is as high as 77.4%, indicating that K-ras gene mutation may play a relatively important role in the occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma. Tumor treatment still needs attention!