Is a throat tumor serious?

Tumors may grow in any part of the human body. There are many causes of tumors. Nowadays, people often eat indiscriminately, which can easily lead to cell canceration and thus tumors. However, tumors are divided into benign tumors and malignant tumors. Malignant tumors will spread indefinitely and there is no way to completely suppress them, while benign tumors can be cured by simply removing them. So is it serious to have a tumor in the throat?

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the larynx and the most common malignancy of the head and neck. The incidence rate is higher in men. Associated with smoking and alcohol abuse. Common primary sites are the true vocal cords (especially the anterior portion), epiglottis, pyriform sinus, and posterior cricoid cartilage. Hoarseness can occur in the early stages of vocal cord or glottis cancer. All patients with hoarseness that lasts for more than 2 weeks should undergo indirect laryngoscopy. Scattered lesions of the laryngeal mucosa should be biopsied under direct laryngoscopy. Cancers of the supraglottic region (epiglottic cancer), hypopharyngeal cancer (pyriform sinus) and retrocricoid cartilage can cause pain and dysphagia. In the first two types, a metastatic mass in the neck may be the first symptom. Angiogenesis is associated with regional recurrence.

Verrucocarcinoma is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma that often occurs in the glottic area and requires multiple biopsies to confirm the diagnosis.

treat

For early-stage glottic cancer, radiotherapy or vocal cord resection can achieve a 5-year survival rate of 85% to 95%. Radiation therapy is often the treatment of choice for early-stage vocal cord cancer because it often preserves normal voice. Advanced cancer that invades the anterior commissure, impairs the movement of the vocal cords, infringes on the thyroid cartilage or extends below the glottis requires surgical removal. When the lesion is confined to one vocal cord, a hemilaryngectomy that preserves laryngeal voice and sphincter function is often possible. More advanced glottic cancer may require total laryngectomy. Early supraglottic cancer is effective for radiotherapy, but for more advanced supraglottic cancer that does not involve the true vocal cords, a supraglottic partial laryngectomy can be performed to preserve the voice and glottic sphincter. If the true vocal cords are affected, total laryngectomy is required. Early-stage hypopharyngeal cancer can be treated with an extended partial laryngectomy, while more advanced disease requires a total laryngectomy. In advanced supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancers, combined radiotherapy and surgery are more effective than surgery alone. Posterior cricoid cartilage cancer requires total laryngectomy and reconstruction of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus using a free jejunal flap and microvascular anastomosis techniques. For patients with cervical lymph node metastasis, in addition to laryngeal surgery, neck dissection or modified neck dissection should also be used. Wart cancer should be removed surgically.

Rehabilitation of the larynx after total laryngectomy, using esophageal speech or creating a tracheoesophageal fistula to establish new speech function. Esophageal pronunciation is the process of inhaling air into the esophagus during inspiration, followed by gradual belching, which produces pronunciation through the pharyngeal-esophageal junction. Tracheoesophageal fistula is created by inserting a one-way valve between the trachea and esophagus, forcing air into the esophagus during exhalation. If the tracheoesophageal valve does not function properly, aspiration may occur, allowing food and liquid to enter the trachea. An electronic larynx is used as a sound generator, and the device needs to be placed close to the neck to produce sound. All three of the above methods connect sounds through the pharynx, palate, tongue, teeth and lips to transform them into speech.