Basis for early diagnosis of osteosarcoma

When people suspect that they have osteosarcoma, they usually go to the hospital for a series of tests to get a final diagnosis. However, the early symptoms of osteosarcoma are not obvious, so how should it be diagnosed? Today, let's take a look at the basis for early diagnosis of osteosarcoma.

In cases of osteogenic osteosarcoma, elevated levels of bone-derived alkaline phosphatase in the blood can be detected in the early stages, which is related to the osteogenic effect of the tumor. Pathological diagnosis is the basis for treatment. When considering the diagnosis of osteosarcoma, a biopsy is performed and pathological examination confirmation is obtained as soon as possible, which is of great significance for the clear diagnosis and treatment.

1. X-ray film The X-ray manifestation of typical osteosarcoma is that the bone tissue has the characteristics of new bone formation and bone destruction at the same time. The tumor is mostly located at the metaphysis of the long tubular bone, with unclear edges, destroyed trabeculae, and increased density of tumor tissue. After penetrating the cortical bone, the tumor lifts the periosteum, producing the characteristic X-ray sign of the disease - Codman's cuff triangle (Codman-triangle). This phenomenon can be seen in some patients with osteomyelitis and Ewing's sarcoma, and is very typical in osteosarcoma. In the late stage, the shadow of tumor infiltration of soft tissue can be seen, and pathological fractures can be seen in some cases.

2. CT scan and MRI examination are effective means to determine the nature, extent and presence of surrounding soft tissue infiltration of bone tumors. They can detect metastatic lesions to the lungs and other organs at an early stage and are routine items in the clinical examination of osteosarcoma.

3. Radionuclide bone scanning is a commonly used method for early detection and late identification of the presence or absence of metastatic lesions.

The diagnosis can be made based on medical history, clinical manifestations, and auxiliary examinations. Osteosarcoma should be differentiated from osteomyelitis and Ewing sarcoma.