Do I need surgery for an ovarian tumor?

Does an ovarian tumor require surgical treatment? Not necessarily. Ovarian tumor is one of the common tumor diseases of the female genitalia. It can be divided into benign ovarian tumor and malignant ovarian tumor. So, what are the methods for treating ovarian tumor? Let us introduce them in detail.

1. Borderline tumors, early stage (stage I and II): total hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. Young stage I patients who wish to retain their fertility can undergo ipsilateral oophorectomy or ovarian tumor resection, and radiotherapy or chemotherapy is not necessary after surgery. Late stage (stage III and IV): The treatment method is the same as that of advanced ovarian cancer.

2. Once a benign tumor is diagnosed, it should be treated surgically. The scope of surgery is determined based on the patient's age, fertility requirements, and the condition of the contralateral ovary. Young women with unilateral benign tumors should undergo oophorectomy or ovarian tumor resection on the affected side, preserving the normal contralateral ovary; even if there are bilateral tumors, ovarian tumor resection should be performed to preserve some ovarian tissue. Late menopausal women should undergo total hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy, which is one of the methods for treating ovarian tumors. In addition to opening the tumor to observe and distinguish between benign and malignant tumors with the naked eye during surgery, frozen section histological examination should be performed if necessary to determine the scope of surgery.

3. For malignant tumors, the principle of treatment is surgery as the main method, combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgery, scope of surgery, total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy should be performed for stage Ia and Ib. Omentectomy should be performed at the same time for stage Ic and above. Tumor cell reduction surgery means that for patients in the late stage (stage II and above), the primary lesion and metastasis should be removed as much as possible, so that the diameter of the residual tumor lesion is ≤1cm. If necessary, part of the intestinal flexure should be removed, colostomy, gallbladder or spleen should be removed, etc. It is now advocated to perform routine retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (including para-aortic and pelvic lymph nodes) at the same time. Chemotherapy is the main auxiliary treatment. Radiotherapy is an auxiliary treatment for surgery and chemotherapy. Dysgerminoma is the most sensitive to radiotherapy, granular cell tumor is moderately sensitive, and epithelial cancer is also sensitive to a certain extent. Dysgerminoma can still achieve good results even in late cases.

The above is a detailed introduction to the methods of treating ovarian tumors. I hope it will be helpful to you.