Analysis of the best treatment for teratoma

Analysis of the best treatment for teratoma: After the teratoma is diagnosed, it must be treated in time. The best method at present is surgical treatment. Laparoscopic minimally invasive removal of teratoma has incomparable advantages over traditional resection methods. Let's learn about it together.

Surgery is the best choice for treating teratoma. Traditional surgical methods generally require an incision of about 15 cm in the lower abdomen, and patients can usually be discharged from the hospital 7-10 days after surgery. Such laparotomy will cause physical pain and psychological fear to patients. Traditional laparotomy causes severe incision pain, slow recovery of gastrointestinal function, and the risk of intestinal adhesion. Some patients refuse surgery due to pain and fear. This is extremely unfavorable for the treatment of teratoma.

Current surgical treatment options:

1. Laparotomy

Tumor resection should be performed to preserve the normal tissue of the affected ovary.

(1) Method: Make a shallow incision below the thinnest part of the ovarian capsule, and continue to remove the tumor when the layer under the capsule is correct. After the tumor is removed, the remaining normal ovarian tissue is overlapped and sutured. If an ovarian tumor is found in early pregnancy: wait until about 4 months of pregnancy before performing surgery. If a tumor is found in late pregnancy, the tumor has been pushed out of the pelvic cavity and does not block the birth canal: perform tumor surgery after delivery. If a tumor is found in late pregnancy, the tumor blocks the birth canal: perform a cesarean section during full-term pregnancy or after delivery, and remove the tumor at the same time.

(2) Precautions: Avoid contamination of the abdominal cavity with tumor contents. For patients with unilateral mature teratoma, the contralateral ovary should be dissected and explored during surgery. During dissection and exploration, care should be taken not to cut too deep at the ovarian hilum, so as to avoid excessive ligation due to excessive bleeding, which would affect the blood supply to the ovary.

2. Laparoscopic surgery

Use electric knife to incise, separate and stop bleeding.

(1) Advantages: Postoperative pain and blood loss are reduced; hospital stay is shortened and hospital costs are reduced.

(2) Disadvantages: The thermal effect of the electrosurgical unit can have short-term or long-term effects on the structure and function of the ovaries; it may prolong the operation time and increase the cost of the operation; there is a risk of delaying the treatment of patients with ovarian malignant tumors; the contents of the teratoma may overflow into the abdominal cavity and cause postoperative chemical peritonitis.

(3) Precautions: If cystic contents overflow during surgery, flush with large amounts of saline until the flushing fluid becomes clear.