How to prevent sacrococcygeal teratoma

By referring to the general tumor prevention methods, understanding the risk factors of tumors, and formulating corresponding prevention and treatment strategies, the risk of sacrococcygeal teratoma can be reduced. There are two basic clues to prevent the occurrence of tumors. Even if the tumor has begun to form in the body, they can also help the body improve its resistance. These strategies are as follows:

1. Teratoma prevention and health care:

Women should attend gynecological examinations regularly. Now some units only organize married women to attend gynecological examinations, but in fact all women of childbearing age should attend gynecological examinations, especially B-ultrasound examinations, to nip tumors in the bud or early stage. Mothers should often touch their children's bellies, and teenagers, women and middle-aged and elderly women should also often touch their abdomens to see if there are lumps. After finding a lump, no matter how big or small it is or whether it hurts, you should seek medical attention in time. The best way to touch is: get up in the morning, empty your bladder, lie flat, bend your legs slightly, and touch from one side of the lower abdomen to the other. If the lump is found to be a hard foreign body, it is suspected to be a tumor (Tumor [Translation]: Under the action of various carcinogenic factors, a certain cell in the local tissue loses its normal regulation of its growth at the genetic level, resulting in its clonal abnormal proliferation and abnormal lesions).

The prognosis of teratoma is closely related to factors such as the age of first diagnosis, tumor location, incidence of malignant transformation, and treatment results. The younger the age of first diagnosis, the lower the incidence of malignancy. Among them, the malignancy rate of occult teratoma is the highest, reaching 71.4%; the mixed type is 46.7%, and the overt type is only 9.4%.

Complete removal of the tumor and reduction of postoperative recurrence and malignant transformation are another major prognostic factor for teratoma. Even for malignant teratoma, complete surgical resection is still the basic guarantee for long-term survival. At present, the three-year survival rate of comprehensive treatment after complete resection of malignant teratoma can reach 50%, and the five-year survival rate is 35%, while the survival rate of residual or recurrent tumors during surgery is only 3%. Among them, the survival rate of malignant teratomas in parts that are easy to completely remove, such as testicles and ovaries, is significantly higher than that of retroperitoneal and sacrococcygeal malignant teratomas. Among them, the prognosis of occult sacrococcygeal malignant teratomas is the worst, with a survival rate of only 8%.

2. Self-diagnosis of teratoma to prevent recurrence:

1. Physical examination or gynecological examination, pelvic B-ultrasound. The best way to find teratoma is through ultrasound examination (ultrasound examination [translation]: it is to observe the reflection of ultrasound by the human body, and to irradiate weak ultrasound to the body and image the reflected waves of the tissue).

2. Acute abdominal pain. Ovarian teratoma may cause ovarian torsion and necrosis, which manifests as severe pain and corresponding local symptoms. If the teratoma is secondary infected and has intracystic bleeding, it can often rapidly increase in size, with obvious local tenderness, accompanied by fever, anemia, shock and other symptoms.

3. Menstrual abnormalities: Teratoma may cause menstrual abnormalities, such as irregular cycles, heavy or light menstruation.

4. Discovered during cesarean section. For some obese or pregnant people, it is not easy to find teratomas during B-ultrasound. Therefore, some women find teratomas in their abdomen during cesarean section, and the doctor will remove the teratoma.

5. Discovery of long-term infertility examination. Some women have been infertile for many years after marriage, and only found out that it was teratoma when they went to the hospital for examination.

6. Feeling a bulge. Some people's teratomas have grown very large, with a big belly. Young women think they are "accidentally pregnant" and older women think they are gaining weight. Once they go to the hospital for a checkup, the disguised teratoma is exposed.