Paraneoplastic syndrome of primary liver cancer

What is the paraneoplastic syndrome of primary liver cancer? There are many clinical manifestations of liver cancer, one of which is the paraneoplastic syndrome of liver cancer. Paraneoplastic syndrome refers to a group of symptoms, thrombocytosis, and hypercholesterolemia caused by abnormal metabolism of the tumor itself or various effects of cancer tissue on the body in patients with primary liver cancer. The clinical manifestations are varied, and the more common ones are polycythemia, hypoglycemia, hypercalcemia, and hyperfibrinogenemia.

1. Hyperfibrinogenemia: Liver cancer combined with hyperfibrinogenemia has only been reported in individual cases and may be related to abnormal protein synthesis in liver cancer.

2. Thrombocytosis: Malignant tumors can cause secondary thrombocytosis. The cause of liver cancer with thrombocytosis may be related to the increase of thrombopoietin. After effective treatment such as surgery and hepatic artery embolization, the number of platelets can be reduced.

3. Hypercalcemia: Hypercalcemia occurs due to the secretion of ectopic parathyroid hormone by liver cancer tissue.

4. Hypercholesterolemia: Foreign reports show that the incidence of liver cancer with hypercholesterolemia is as high as 38%, and the pathogenesis is still unclear.

5. Hypoglycemia: Liver cancer is often accompanied by cirrhosis, poor liver function, and decreased ability to regulate sugar metabolism, which may lead to hypoglycemia.

6. Polycythemia: Paraneoplastic syndrome of liver cancer also includes increased calcitonin, carcinoid syndrome, hypertrophic arthritis and changes in sexual characteristics, but these are relatively rare.

Paraneoplastic syndrome is only seen in a small number of liver cancer patients. These symptoms sometimes appear before local symptoms of liver cancer, and even become the first symptoms. If recognized early, they can provide diagnostic clues and give liver cancer the opportunity to receive early treatment.

The paraneoplastic syndrome of primary liver cancer has been introduced above. Timely treatment of certain symptoms can help alleviate the patient's pain and prolong his life. Therefore, it should attract everyone's attention.