Resection of superficial tumor

Most tumors on the body surface are caused by the inability to effectively excrete toxins from the body. Common diseases include sebaceous cysts, lipomas, hemangiomas, etc. From the perspective of clinical treatment effects, if it is benign, it will heal after regular excision. If it is recurrent, special attention should be paid. In particular, attention should be paid to diet after surgery. Spicy and irritating foods should be avoided. In addition, personal hygiene should be paid attention to to avoid infection.

1. Sebaceous cyst:

It is commonly known as "cyst", which refers to the formation of cysts due to accumulation of sebaceous glands in the gland after the sebaceous gland duct is blocked.

This is the most common type of benign skin tumor. Many people have experienced the development of cysts, especially young people who are in the period of rapid growth and development. It often occurs on the head, face, back (I think it is the most common) or buttocks of adults. It grows slowly and may be asymptomatic. When infected, it may cause redness, swelling, heat and pain. The cyst is round, with clear boundaries, a movable base, and is adherent to the skin. Black hair follicle holes can be seen in the center, and white sebum will flow out after being squeezed or ruptured, which can be used to distinguish lipomas, etc.

Sebaceous cysts are often complicated by infection, which causes the cyst to rupture and temporarily disappear, but it will form scars and is prone to recurrence. The chances of a sebaceous cyst becoming cancerous are extremely rare. Surgery is the only treatment for sebaceous cysts. If there are symptoms of inflammation such as redness, swelling, heat and pain before surgery, the inflammation should be controlled first before surgery.

2. Lipoma:

Lipoma is a benign tumor that originates from adipose tissue. There is a thin connective tissue capsule around the tumor, which contains normal fat cells divided into leaf-like groups by connective tissue bundles. Some lipomas contain a lot of connective tissue or blood vessels in addition to a large amount of adipose tissue, forming a complex lipoma.

This type of tumor often occurs on the shoulders, back, buttocks and inner thighs, and is also common on the head. It is single, round, soft, has clear edges and is easy to push. Those who cannot clearly distinguish the boundaries should be wary of the possibility of malignant lipoma.

Small lipomas that develop slowly and have no clinical symptoms generally do not require treatment. If the tumor grows very large, causes pain, or affects the appearance, surgical removal may be considered. (If female comrades love beauty, they can ask the doctor for intradermal suture, which can make the scar smaller, but it depends on your specific situation to avoid poor drainage).

3. Hemangioma:

1. Capillary hemangioma is more common in infants, usually present at birth. It can occur on the skin of any part of the body, but is most common on the head and face. The tumor is bright red or purple, of varying sizes and irregular shapes, with clear borders, and does not protrude above the skin, but can sometimes appear velvety. It can be treated with surgical resection, liquid nitrogen freezing, or external beam X-ray therapy.

2. Cavernous hemangioma mostly occurs under the skin or mucosa, is often single, dark red or purple, has unclear boundaries, is soft, and has compressibility and expandability. Treatment can be achieved by intratumoral injection of sclerosing agents such as 5% sodium morrhuate or 40% urea, or by cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen and surgery.

3. The racemose hemangioma is worm-like and winding, the skin is purple-red, and there is arterial pulsation. If the surrounding small arteries are compressed, the pulsation disappears, and vascular murmurs can sometimes be heard by auscultation. The mass is soft in texture, and sometimes a hard nodule can be felt, which is caused by thrombosis or perivascular inflammation, and has obvious compressibility and expandability. It can be removed surgically, but angiography should be done before the operation to estimate the scope and size of the operation.