Causes and pathogenesis of gastric cancer

Regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of gastric cancer, the etiology of gastric cancer is not yet fully understood, and its geographical distribution varies significantly around the world. The distribution of gastric cancer also varies greatly between different regions and different populations in the same country. It is generally believed to be related to the following factors.

1. Dietary factors: Epidemiological data from around the world suggest that among environmental factors, dietary factors are the main cause of gastric cancer.

2. Genetic factors Epidemiological surveys have found that people with type A blood have a higher incidence of gastric cancer. The incidence of gastric cancer in relatives of gastric cancer patients is 4 times higher than that in the control group. The incidence of gastric cancer in black Americans is higher than that in white Americans. Therefore, it is speculated that the occurrence of gastric cancer may be related to genetics.

Causes and pathogenesis of gastric cancer

3. Immune factors In recent years, it has been found that people with low immune function have a higher incidence of gastric cancer. This shows that the body's immune dysfunction and reduced immune surveillance of cancer are one of the factors that cause cancer.

4. Environmental factors: The incidence of gastric cancer is high in high-latitude areas. There are areas with high incidence of gastric cancer in my country and around the world, which may be related to the water quality, soil, and trace elements such as nickel, selenium, and cobalt in the area.

5. Related to other gastric diseases Atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia are considered to be the most important precancerous lesions. Although adenomatous polyps are not considered to be the main precancerous diseases, the incidence of gastric cancer is higher in patients with this disease. The relationship between benign gastric ulcers and gastric cancer is a frequently controversial issue. Although cancer can be observed at the edge of benign ulcers, many people believe that there is no causal connection between the two.

6. Mental factors: People who are in a state of worry, anxiety, tension, etc. for a long time are prone to cancer.

No single factor has been proven to be the direct cause of gastric cancer in humans. The occurrence of gastric cancer is related to multiple factors, such as internal factors such as genetics, blood type, and constitution, and external factors such as living habits, occupation, and dietary structure.