Examinations that kidney cancer patients should undergo

People may be a little afraid when talking about kidney cancer, because this disease is a malignant tumor disease. The occurrence of the disease not only brings pain to the patient, but also brings great health hazards to the patient. Therefore, for kidney cancer, people must pay attention to timely examination and treatment after the disease.

(a) X-ray examination

X-ray examination is one of the main examination methods for renal cancer and is a major basis for the first step of diagnosis. In particular, with the continuous updating of equipment technology, the accuracy of X-ray examination has also been significantly improved. When using X-ray examination to examine the kidney, the vast majority of renal cancers can be seen as space-occupying lesions on the pyelogram. Only a very small number of tumors that are very small or close to the renal capsule and do not cause the renal pelvis and calyces to be compressed and deformed cannot be displayed. SKINNER et al. observed that renal cancer is the most common cause of renal space-occupying lesions with symptoms such as hematuria; and among 940 cases of asymptomatic renal space-occupying lesions, renal cancer accounted for only 2%, and other malignant tumors accounted for 3%, most of which were renal cysts.

(II) Laboratory tests

Hematuria is an important symptom. The initial diagnosis of renal cancer is based on clinical manifestations. It has typical symptoms such as hematuria, low back pain, and lumps. Even if the urine routine test is completely normal, renal cancer cannot be ruled out. Among the 64 cases of renal cancer with more complete data, 28 cases had completely normal urine routine tests. Unless renal cancer has invaded the renal pelvis, urine cytology has little diagnostic value for renal cancer. Because its positive rate is not high. Although most renal cancer patients have elevated or positive tests such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, urine lactate dehydrogenase, serum alkaline phosphatase, and serum C-protein reaction, they are all non-specific tests and have little diagnostic value for renal cancer.

3. Clinical manifestations

The initial diagnosis of kidney cancer is based on clinical manifestations. However, if the patient has already developed symptoms such as hematuria, back pain, and lumps, the diagnosis is not difficult, as the disease is generally in the late stage. Different patients will have different situations. Some patients' clinical manifestations are very atypical, and the symptoms are not in the urinary system. In a few patients, the symptoms of metastatic cancer may appear earlier than the symptoms of kidney cancer itself, making diagnosis more difficult. Among the 50 cases of kidney cancer reported, some patients had simple extrarenal manifestations without the three major symptoms of hematuria, lumps, and back pain.

There were 2 cases of fever, 3 cases of anemia, 1 case of gastrointestinal dysfunction, and 1 case of left supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. It was pointed out that many patients had extrarenal manifestations before the three major symptoms, which was an early signal of kidney cancer. We should be vigilant and look for the causes of extrarenal manifestations such as fever, anemia, liver dysfunction, polycythemia, hypertension, and hypercalcemia.

In the above article, the editor has summarized some examinations that kidney cancer patients should do. Diseases like kidney cancer are very harmful to the patient's kidney health. Such diseases are malignant tumors that can endanger life safety. Therefore, it is recommended that patients undergo examinations and treatments after suffering from the disease to relieve the disease as soon as possible.