Diagnostic basis of bladder cancer

Diagnosis of bladder cancer: In fact, it is not difficult to diagnose bladder cancer. If middle-aged or elderly people have painless hematuria, they should immediately undergo B-ultrasound examination, which can detect bladder masses. X-ray angiography also has diagnostic value. Further examination is cystoscopy, which is the most reliable diagnosis method. It can directly see the size and location of the tumor. It can also clamp a small piece of tumor tissue for pathological examination to determine what type of tumor it is and how benign or malignant it is.

In addition, patients can also do urine tests themselves to roughly determine whether the hematuria comes from bladder diseases. That is, the whole urine is discharged continuously into three cups, with the first cup collecting the initial urine, the second cup collecting the middle urine, and the third cup collecting the last urine. If there is hematuria in the first cup, it means that the hematuria comes from the urethra. If there is hematuria in all three cups, it means that the hematuria comes from the kidneys or ureters. If there is hematuria in the third cup, it means that the hematuria comes from the bladder.
Generally speaking, acute and chronic nephritis can cause hematuria, but it is more common in infants and young people, accompanied by edema, hypertension, proteinuria and other symptoms. Urinary tract infection can cause hematuria, but it is accompanied by infection symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, dysuria and fever. In addition to hematuria, when urinary stones occur, there is often severe pain or even colic from the waist to the lower abdomen. Traumatic hematuria has a history of trauma. As for painless hematuria, urinary system tumors such as kidney cancer and bladder cancer all show painless hematuria. Because bladder cancer is more common, you should first be alert to bladder cancer. If you have the above discomfort symptoms when urinating, you must seek medical treatment.