Pathological classification of laryngeal cancer

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of laryngeal cancer, accounting for more than 90%, while carcinoma in situ accounts for 6%-9%. However, carcinoma in situ often coexists with invasive cancer, and attention should be paid to repeated biopsies from multiple locations.

1. Squamous cell carcinoma

The growth pattern can be cauliflower-shaped, infiltrative and ulcerative. Those in the supraglottic area are mostly well-differentiated ulcerative and infiltrative; those in the glottic area are mostly well-differentiated high-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, mostly exophytic or cauliflower-shaped; those in the subglottic area are mostly infiltrative.

2. Adenocarcinoma

Including adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, etc., which are less common and can occur in the supraglottic or subglottic area.

3. Mucosal plaques and laryngeal papilloma cancer

It is more common in the glottic area, and most are well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas.

4. Laryngeal keratinized carcinoma or verrucous carcinoma

It is more common in the glottic area and is mostly well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.

5. Laryngeal malignant granuloma, malignant lymphoma or undifferentiated carcinoma

It is more common in the supraglottic area, is highly malignant, develops rapidly, and is easy to metastasize.

6. Malignant melanoma and sarcoma are less common