Introduction to the differential diagnosis of laryngeal tumors

Laryngeal cancer is a malignant tumor originating from the epithelial tissue of the laryngeal mucosa. The most common laryngeal cancer is laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. It is more common in middle-aged and elderly men. Let our experts briefly introduce to you how to identify laryngeal tumors, hoping to be helpful to you!

The incidence of laryngeal cancer accounts for about 1-5% of all tumors in the body, ranking third in the field of otolaryngology, after nasopharyngeal cancer and nasal and paranasal sinus cancer. The most common age is 50-70 years old, and it is more common in men than in women.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal tumors:

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 1. Nodular laryngitis (also known as vocal cord nodules) is characterized by small intermittent hoarseness, which worsens at night and is lighter in the morning. It is characterized by dryness and slight pain in the throat and increased laryngeal secretions. It is more likely to occur at the junction of the front and middle 13 of the vocal cords. The free edge has symmetrical mucosal nodules, which are edematous, smooth in surface, and are as big as rice grains. The base is wide and congested. Resting to reduce voice, nebulization inhalation, ultrashort wave physical therapy, and appropriate antibiotic treatment are effective. Larger ones must be removed under laryngoscope.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 2. Laryngeal tuberculosis Patients with laryngeal tuberculosis have varying degrees of sore throat, and most of them have tuberculosis lesions in the lungs. The lesions are granular, pink or pale edematous, often accompanied by shallow ulcers covered with purulent secretions. The posterior union is a common site for laryngeal tuberculosis, but laryngeal cancer is rare. Anti-tuberculosis treatment is effective, and biopsy cytology and secretion smears to find acid-fast bacilli are helpful for diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 3. Laryngeal amyloidosis Its clinical manifestations include mild hoarseness and sometimes wheezing-like dyspnea. The lesions are prone to occur in the anterior part of the subglottic larynx and may also occur in the ventricular zone and vocal cords. They present as single or multiple nodules, or diffuse thickening of the mucosa. The vocal cords are rarely fixed. The course of the disease is long. Pathological examination shows amyloid Congo red positive, and the diffuse lesions are sensitive to corticosteroids.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 4. Laryngeal cancer papilloma This disease is common in children and can be seen in adults. It is currently believed to be caused by viral infection and is often complicated by skin warts, with no difference between men and women. The main manifestation is hoarseness. Laryngoscopy shows that children often have lesions in various parts of the larynx, with pedicles, a relatively wide base, and a cauliflower shape. Adults have a single pedicle, often in the vocal cords, with no restrictions on movement, and are more common in men. The lesions are limited. When pathological examination shows severe atypical hyperplasia, it should be completely removed to prevent malignant transformation.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 5. Laryngeal keratosis and laryngeal leukoplakia are manifested as hoarseness and discomfort in the throat. They are more common in middle-aged men. Laryngoscopy shows thickened vocal cords, which appear as pink or white patches. The surrounding tissues often have inflammatory reactions, which are mostly unilateral but can also affect both vocal cords. They are prone to recurrence and have a tendency to become malignant. Pathological biopsy can confirm the diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 6. Wegener's granuloma The clinical manifestations of this disease are hoarseness, laryngeal ulcers, secondary infection, and often accompanied by dyspnea. The pathological tissue is necrotic granulation, vasculitis, and scattered giant cells and inflammatory cell infiltration. There are often lung and kidney lesions. Pathological examination is required for diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 7. Laryngeal plasmacytoma This disease is rare and occurs in middle-aged and elderly men. It occurs in various parts of the larynx, especially the epiglottis, vocal cords, ventricular cords and laryngeal ventricles. It manifests as hoarseness and often complicated by dyspnea. Laryngoscopy shows diffuse submucosal tumor tissue infiltration in the larynx. The lesions often extend beyond the larynx and involve the pharynx. Pathological biopsy is of differential significance.

Differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer 8. Tracheal thyroid gland is rare. It is caused by the thyroid gland growing into the trachea through cartilage during the embryonic period. It is more likely to occur in the posterior wall of the trachea in the subglottic area. The tumor part is outside the trachea. It often occurs in middle-aged women with endemic goiter. It manifests as progressive dyspnea, which worsens during menstruation, normal voice, and soft tissue shadows protruding into the tracheal cavity on X-ray films. 131I scanning can show iodine absorption in the tumor area.

Do you know how to identify laryngeal tumors through the above expert's brief introduction? If you have any questions, please consult our online experts, we will serve you wholeheartedly!

Laryngeal tumors: http://www..com.cn/zhongliu/ha/hzl.html