What are the complications of liver cancer

Complications of liver cancer can be caused by liver cancer itself or coexisting liver cirrhosis. They are common in the late stage of the disease and are often the cause of death. Clinically, complications of liver cancer usually include the following:

(i) Hepatic encephalopathy: often a terminal complication, accounting for 34.9% of the causes of death;

(ii) Gastrointestinal bleeding: accounting for 15.1% of the causes of death. Patients with liver cirrhosis or portal vein or hepatic vein cancer thrombosis may suffer from esophageal or gastric fundus varicose vein rupture and bleeding due to portal hypertension. Bleeding may also occur due to gastrointestinal mucosal erosion, coagulation disorder, etc.

(III) Rupture and bleeding of liver cancer nodules: The incidence rate is about 9-14%. Necrosis and liquefaction of liver cancer tissue can cause spontaneous rupture or rupture due to external force. If it is confined to the subcapsular membrane, there may be sudden pain and rapid enlargement of the liver; if it ruptures into the abdominal cavity, it may cause acute abdominal pain and peritoneal irritation. In severe cases, it may cause hemorrhagic shock or death. In mild cases, the bleeding stops after a few days and the pain gradually subsides.

(IV) Bloody pleural effusion and ascites: Hepatocellular carcinoma on the diaphragmatic surface can directly infiltrate or metastasize through the bloodstream or lymph nodes to cause bloody pleural effusion, which is common on the right side.

(V) Secondary infection: Due to the long-term consumption of cancer, the body's resistance is weakened, especially when the white blood cell count decreases after radiation and chemotherapy, it is easy to develop various infections, such as pneumonia, intestinal infection, fungal infection, etc.

The above are the common complications of liver cancer in clinical practice. Experts remind everyone that when liver cancer patients have the above complications, it means that the patient's physical condition has entered a dangerous period. We hope that patients and their families will pay attention and go to the hospital for examination and treatment in time. Ask the doctor to develop a treatment plan suitable for them. At this stage, prolonging the patient's survival is the most important thing. If you have other questions, please consult our online experts or call for consultation. Believe in miracles and wish you health, happiness, and joy!

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