What should be paid attention to in postoperative care for brain cancer?

In recent years, brain cancer has gradually risen again, and brain cancer screening has been elevated to a position that needs attention. Humans are afraid of death, but when it is really irreversible, they are powerless. There are countless people who have died from cancer, and brain cancer is one of the killers. People who are usually very careful and cautious will find symptoms in the early stage, but some people do not have any symptoms in the early stage, so it is best to check regularly. Clinically, it is found that most brain cancer patients have reached the middle and late stages when they show obvious symptoms. Here, we remind the majority of friends who are related to brain cancer to pay attention.

Postoperative care:

(1) Properly place the patient: After the patient returns to the ward, it usually takes more than three people to carry him to the bed. One person holds the patient's head, and the other two stand on both sides of the patient, lift the patient to the bed with a cloth bag, and remove the stretcher. When carrying the patient, the drainage tube and infusion tube should be protected, and the movements should be gentle, steady, and coordinated to avoid changes in breathing and blood pressure due to changes in body position. Then immediately measure blood pressure, pulse, and breathing and record them. Depending on the patient's condition, oxygen, gastrointestinal decompression, urinary catheter, drainage bag, etc. will be connected.

(2) Maintain the correct body position: Patients who are not fully awake after general anesthesia should lie flat with their heads tilted to one side to make it easier for oral secretions or vomit to flow out; they should lie flat for 6 hours after epidural anesthesia to prevent cerebrospinal fluid from leaking from the puncture site and causing headaches. After waking up from anesthesia, the patient is generally placed in a semi-recumbent position to allow the diaphragm to descend, while reducing abdominal wall tension and alleviating pain. Patients who are not fully awake after anesthesia may become restless and are in danger of extubation or falling out of bed. The nurse will add a bed guard to the bed, use a restraint belt when necessary, or give an appropriate amount of sedatives according to the doctor's orders. Family members should actively cooperate with medical staff to take good care of the patient and ensure the patient's safety.

3. Observation of the condition:

(1) Respiratory system: Due to the effect of anesthetic drugs, the muscles in the mandibular joint of the patient relax, which can easily cause the tongue to fall back and block the airway, or sputum and oral secretions to accumulate in the larynx and trachea and block the airway. Before the patient is fully awake, an airway is usually placed in the patient's mouth to prevent the tongue from falling back and blocking the airway. This is also conducive to the suction of airway secretions and the close observation of the patient's breathing by medical staff. The airway can be removed after the patient is fully awake and the swallowing reflex is restored.

(2) Cardiovascular system: Generally, an electrocardiogram monitor will be connected after surgery to observe and evaluate changes in the patient's blood pressure, the frequency, strength and regularity of the pulse, and the frequency and nature of breathing. Changes in the patient's blood pressure, pulse, and breathing can indicate whether there are signs of bleeding and shock.

(3) Urinary system:

Catheterization: Pay attention to whether there is urine in the urine bag, and record the urine volume if necessary. When the catheter is improperly positioned, the urine is turbid with floccules, and the drainage tube is folded, it will lead to poor urine discharge. When the problem is found, please ask medical staff to deal with it in time. Long-term indwelling catheters should be clamped before removal and opened regularly to train the function of the bladder sphincter. The catheter can be removed only after recovery. After the catheter is removed, if the patient urinates a small amount each time and discharges 30.60 ml of urine every 15 to 30 minutes, it indicates that there is urine retention, and the catheter should be retained. If the patient complains of frequent urination, urgency, pain, and burning sensation during urination, there may be a urinary tract infection, and the doctor should be informed to deal with it. If the patient cannot urinate on his own 6-8 hours after the operation, an induction method can be adopted: such as listening to the sound of running water, warm water external application, etc. For patients who really cannot urinate on their own, the doctor will retain the catheter and remove the catheter only after the bladder sphincter function is restored.

(4) Digestive system: If there is no anesthesia reaction within 6 hours after surgery, a small amount of water and liquid food can be taken. During the fasting and infusion period, the patient will be given a reasonable amount of liquid according to the amount and composition of the infusion, and infusion support treatment will be given. Patients who have eaten but lack activity, and whose daily liquid intake is less than 1200 ml, and who have had constipation before should pay attention to assess whether constipation occurs. If constipation occurs, the patient should eat more crude fiber foods, such as celery, bananas, yogurt, walnuts, etc. If necessary, the doctor can also give some laxatives.

(5) Drainage tube care: Cooperate with the nurse to properly fix and protect the drainage tube to ensure the patency of the drainage tube and the effectiveness of drainage, prevent it from falling off, and frequently observe the color, nature and amount of the drainage fluid. If a large amount of or bright red drainage fluid appears, notify the doctor immediately.

(6) Wound care: Check the dressing regularly. If you find that the dressing is soaked, pay attention to its color, nature and amount of drainage fluid. Notify medical staff in time. Sometimes fluid will seep out of the nose and ears after surgery. If you find such a situation, you must notify the doctor immediately, because this situation may be cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which needs to be treated by the doctor in time.

(7) Psychological care: After craniotomy, patients may experience hemiplegia, aphasia, etc., and they may show various extreme emotional reactions. At this time, it is important to take protective measures for the patient to prevent accidents such as falling out of bed and drainage tube falling off. At the same time, it is necessary to actively calm the patient's emotions, explain to the patient that emotional excitement is very detrimental to postoperative recovery, and encourage the patient to build confidence and overcome the disease.

The above is the introduction of "What should be paid attention to in postoperative care of brain cancer?" When the above symptoms appear, the patient should go to a regular hospital for treatment. Early detection and early treatment can effectively cure brain cancer. People who are related to the pathogenic factors of brain cancer are advised to take preventive measures for brain cancer. If you have other questions about brain cancer, please consult our experts online or call for consultation.

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