Colorectal cancer screening method

Colorectal cancer is the 4th to 6th most common tumor in my country. The age of onset of colorectal cancer in China is around 45 years old, 15 years earlier than in the United States. Colorectal cancer accounts for 23% of young cancer patients in my country. The incidence of colorectal cancer is closely related to dietary factors, such as high fat, 127.

Colorectal cancer is the 4th to 6th most common tumor in my country. The age of onset of colorectal cancer in China is around 45 years old, 15 years earlier than in the United States. Colorectal cancer accounts for 23.7% of young cancer patients in my country. The incidence of colorectal cancer is closely related to dietary factors. High fat and low fiber are risk factors for colorectal cancer. People with a high-fat diet have an increase in anaerobic bacteria in their stool; lack of fiber in the food and reduced stool volume will increase the concentration of carcinogens in the intestine, leading to cancer. There are several methods for screening:

1. Rectal examination is the main examination method, because 70% to 75% of colorectal cancer occurs in the rectum and cecum. In 75% of cases, a mass can be found through rectal examination. People over 40 years old should be examined once a year, especially those with abnormal bowel habits such as blood in the stool, frequent bowel movements, mucus in the stool, and tenesmus. Rectal examination can generally understand lesions within 8 cm from the anus, and higher parts may be found by holding the breath and increasing abdominal pressure.

Second, the fecal occult blood test is simple, easy to perform, and inexpensive. People over 50 years old should be tested once a year. It can be used as a preliminary screening method for large-scale colorectal cancer screening. If positive, a fiber colonoscopy will be performed. The fecal occult blood test can also detect digestive tract diseases such as colorectal cancer, colorectal polyps, and colorectal adenomas. In particular, the canceration rate of colorectal adenomas can reach 10% to 20%.

3. Sigmoid colon examination: Those who are able should have a checkup once a year for three consecutive years starting at the age of 50. If negative, check up every four years thereafter. Those who have blood in their stools or changes in bowel habits and no abnormalities found in rectal examination should undergo a routine sigmoidoscopy. About 75% to 80% of rectal and sigmoid colon cancers can be diagnosed by sigmoidoscopy. This examination is simple to operate, and the lesions can be observed under direct vision. At the same time, living tissue specimens can be collected, and precancerous lesions such as adenomas can be removed by electrocautery.

In short, if we control cancer patients at the primary prevention level, we can reduce the occurrence of cancer; if we control it at the secondary prevention level, we can reduce the death of cancer patients.

Colorectal cancer http://www..com.cn/zhongliu/dca/