Radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cervical cancer

Do you know about some treatments for cervical cancer? Do you know how to take care of yourself if you have cervical cancer? Let's learn about the care of patients with cervical cancer chemotherapy.

1. Psychological care: Nurses should listen to patients’ fears, discomforts and pains, care about them and gain their trust. They should provide them with the necessary help, make them understand the effects, adverse reactions and precautions of chemotherapy drugs, encourage communication between patients, introduce successful cases, make them open-minded, emotionally stable, build confidence in overcoming the disease, and do a good job of family work so that patients and their families can cooperate with treatment.

2. Nursing of intravenous administration: In order to give full play to the chemotherapy effect, the patient's weight should be accurately weighed before medication (preferably in the morning, on an empty stomach, and after defecation). Carefully check and check according to the doctor's instructions, dissolve and dilute the drugs correctly, and make sure to use them now. When using drugs together, the order of discharge should be based on the nature of the drugs. Some drugs decompose when exposed to light, so pay attention to avoid light. Improve puncture techniques, protect veins, use them from the distal end in a planned manner, choose appropriate veins alternately from left to right, and do not puncture again below the punctured vein within 24 hours to prevent exudation. Patients or hospitals with conditions can choose to use indwelling needles. When administering drugs intravenously, normal saline should be infused first, and the drug can be administered only after confirming that the needle is in the blood vessel. After the drug is infused, the blood vessel wall should be flushed with normal saline to reduce stimulation to the wall; pay attention to protecting the vein when removing the needle, press for 3 to 5 minutes, strengthen observation during infusion, master the drip rate, and prevent leakage of the drug solution. If the drug solution accidentally leaks subcutaneously, the drug solution should be stopped immediately, the needle should be kept connected to the syringe, the subcutaneous drug solution should be withdrawn, and then the antidote can be injected subcutaneously.

3. Nursing of toxic and side effects of chemotherapy drugs: The nursing of toxic and side effects of the hematopoietic system must strictly follow the indications. Patients with poor general conditions and those who have recently undergone radiotherapy or chemotherapy should use the drug with caution or reduce the dosage. Necessary supportive treatment can be carried out during medication, such as increasing nutrition, giving Chinese medicine and vitamins to strengthen the body and replenish qi, etc. Check the white blood cell count regularly as ordered by the doctor. Patients with white blood cell counts lower than normal should prevent infection, reduce or refuse visits, live in single wards, and disinfect the air regularly. Use antibiotics and white blood cell-raising drugs as ordered by the doctor, transfuse fresh blood in small amounts multiple times or give component blood transfusions. Pay attention to changes in vital signs and observe whether the patient has a tendency to bleed. Avoid using drugs such as aspirin. When removing the needle from an intravenous infusion, compress for more than 5 minutes. For patients with loss of appetite and anorexia, first let the patient understand the importance of diet and nutrition. Advise the patient to eat less sweets, try not to eat greasy or fried foods, and eat small meals frequently, and eat easily digestible and nutritious foods. For nausea

For patients with severe vomiting, antiemetics can be given 30-60 minutes before chemotherapy and 4-6 hours after chemotherapy. For patients with abdominal pain and diarrhea, the nature of the abdominal pain, the nature and frequency of stools should be observed, and the stools should be sent for examination in time. Patients should be advised to eat soft, less residue, low-fiber, non-irritating foods. If there is no bowel movement for 3 days, laxatives should be used. The pain of oral ulcers is generally more severe and affects the patient's swallowing and eating. 0.5% dicaine plus chloramphenicol can be sprayed before meals. Avoid spicy, overheated, too cold, too hard, too coarse, and tobacco and alcohol stimulation. Non-irritating liquid and soft food at room temperature can be given. Careful oral care and balanced nutrition will help the healing of ulcers. For patients with swelling of the throat or esophageal mucosa caused by chemotherapy, which causes pain or even difficulty in swallowing, they should be encouraged to talk more, drink water frequently, promote pharyngeal activity, and reduce congestion and edema caused by pharyngeal ulcers.

Radiation therapy

Radiotherapy has a history of 1 century and is still one of the basic treatment methods for cervical cancer. Radiotherapy has a wide range of indications and can be used for cervical cancer of all stages.

1. Intracavitary radiotherapy In recent years, radiotherapy has developed from traditional low-dose intracavitary treatment to high-dose intracavitary treatment. The efficacy is improved and the course of treatment is shortened. The radiation source is mostly 192Iγ source, which is easy to protect and has a short half-life. The miniaturization of the radiation source is beneficial to interstitial therapy. The use of 192Iγ radiation source for interstitial treatment of cervical cancer has achieved a 3-year survival rate of 80.4% for patients in stages Ia to IIb. 252Cf is used as a radiation source for afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy, and there have been clinical reports.

2. External irradiation for the treatment of cervical cancer The improved external irradiation technology makes up for the shortcomings of intracavitary treatment. It can increase the dose of parametrial infiltration areas and lymphatic metastasis areas outside point A, and complement the effect of intracavitary irradiation. First, the whole pelvic cavity is irradiated externally, which can evenly irradiate the cervix, vagina and pelvic lymphatic drainage areas, kill subclinical invasion foci in the irradiation field, reduce the size of cervical tumors, restore the normal local anatomical position, facilitate the smooth treatment of vagina and uterine cavity, and enhance the effect of intracavitary irradiation. In addition to traditional vertical irradiation, external irradiation also has rotation, pendulum and other center technologies applied to cervical cancer radiotherapy. With the development of computer technology and imaging technology, new technologies such as gamma knife, X-knife, three-dimensional conformal irradiation, and intensity-modulated therapy have emerged in recent years.

The above is the knowledge we want to learn today. I hope it can be helpful to everyone. If you have any other needs, you can also consult our online consulting experts of Feihua Health Network. We are always here to answer your questions. Feihua Health Network is always by your side and cares about your health problems! Feihua Health Network wishes you good health!

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