What are the bones of the limbs?

The human body needs to stand upright to move and work, so the structure of the limb bones is very complex. There are many organs in our upper limbs that are used for labor, so the volume of the upper limb bones is smaller, but the connection between the bones is very flexible. The lower limbs are our organs for movement, so its bones are very solid, and the connection between the bones is very stable. So what are the limb bones?

First, what are the bones of the limbs? There are 206 bones in the adult body. According to their location, they can be divided into two parts: axial bones and limb bones (appendicular bones). The axial skeleton includes the skull and trunk bones; the limb bones include the upper limb bones and lower limb bones.

Second, the skull can be divided into three parts: the brain skull, the facial skull and the auditory ossicles. The trunk skeleton consists of vertebrae, ribs and sternum. The vertebrae form the central axis of the human body, including 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, 1 sacrum (formed by the fusion of 5 sacral vertebrae) and 1 coccyx (formed by the fusion of 3 or 4 coccygeal vertebrae). The ribs and costal cartilages are connected to form ribs, of which there are 12 pairs. There is only one sternum.

What are the bones of the limbs? The bones of the upper limbs are divided into two parts: upper limb girdle bones and free upper limb bones. The upper limb girdle bones include the clavicle and scapula, and the free upper limb bones include the upper arm bone, forearm bone and hand bone. The upper arm bone is the humerus; the forearm bones include the ulna and radius; the hand bones include the carpal bones, metacarpal bones and phalanges. The bones of the lower limbs are divided into two parts: the bones of the lower limb girdle and the free bones of the lower limb. The lower limb girdle bone is the hip bone. In childhood, the hip bone is composed of three parts: the ilium, the ischium and the pubis, which are connected by cartilage. In adulthood, it becomes one bone through bony fusion. The free lower limb bones include three parts: the femur, shin bone and foot bone. The thigh bone is the femur; the calf includes the tibia and fibula; and the foot bones include the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. The sesamoid bone located in front of the knee joint and participating in the formation of the knee joint - the patella, is also one of the bones of the free lower limb. There are 32 bones on each side of the upper limb. The long bones in the upper limbs include: clavicle, humerus, radius, and ulna; there are 31 bones on each side of the lower limbs. The long bones of the lower limbs include the femur, tibia, and fibula.