For a disease like hyperthyroidism, it is actually very easy to diagnose. Because of some symptoms, we can detect this disease in time. So what are the symptoms of hyperthyroidism? First of all, the patient will experience a significant loss of weight, and will also experience heat intolerance, sweating, palpitations, insomnia and emotional agitation. Of course, some patients may also experience low fever. Thyroid hormones promote metabolism and the body's redox reactions. Hypermetabolism requires the body to increase food intake; gastrointestinal activity is enhanced, and the frequency of bowel movements increases; although food intake increases, the oxidation reaction is enhanced, the body's energy consumption increases, and patients experience weight loss; increased heat production manifests as heat intolerance and sweating, and some patients experience low fever; increased thyroid hormones stimulate sympathetic nerve excitement, and clinical manifestations include palpitations, tachycardia, insomnia, irritability, and even anxiety. If patients with hyperthyroidism do not receive appropriate treatment for a long time, it may cause hyperthyroid heart disease. Physical examination revealed an enlarged thyroid gland (mild to severe). In elderly patients, the enlargement is often not obvious and the thyroid gland is soft or medium in texture. In severe patients, vascular murmurs can be heard throughout the entire period using a stethoscope. In severe hyperthyroidism, tremors can even be felt when touched by hand. The heart rate of most patients with hyperthyroidism is increased, often exceeding 90 beats per minute when at rest, and elderly patients may exhibit rapid atrial fibrillation. Patients with hyperthyroidism have hot flashes on the skin and fine hand tremors. Many patients also have eyelid edema, widened palpebral fissures, less blinking in both eyes, and conjunctival congestion and edema. Severe patients may experience exophthalmos, restricted eye movement, and even incomplete eyelid closure. Some patients with more severe hyperthyroidism experience myxedema in the anterior tibia (shinbone) of the lower limbs. The skin in front of the tibia becomes coarser, thicker, and rougher, with an orange peel-like appearance. The sweat hair becomes coarser, similar to elephantiasis, and is quite difficult to treat. There are also some inflammatory hyperthyroidism (or destructive hyperthyroidism) in clinical practice. It is caused by thyroid inflammatory reaction which leads to changes in the permeability of thyroid follicular cell membrane. A large amount of thyroid hormone is released into the blood from the follicular cells, causing a significant increase in thyroid hormone and a decrease in TSH in the blood. The clinical manifestations and biochemical tests are similar to hyperthyroidism. |
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