There are blood flow signals in the nodule

Nodules are a relatively common disease and also a disease that may turn into cancer. Therefore, if you have nodules in your body, you must pay close attention to your physical health and go to the hospital for a check-up in time to ensure that the nodules do not worsen and to ensure your physical health. So, what does the presence of blood flow signals within a nodule mean? The following will introduce you to the relevant knowledge.

1. What does it mean if there is a blood flow signal in the nodule?

All benign and malignant nodules will show blood flow, but malignant nodules are still specific. Generally, the blood flow in malignant nodules appears to be multivascular on color Doppler ultrasound, and the blood flow in the nodules is disordered. The characteristic of nodular goiter is that blood flow can be seen passing through and bypassing between nodules; while the internal blood flow signal of adenoma is distributed in a dot-like or strip-like manner; when the blood flow signal around the adenoma is found to be richer, it generally indicates a cystadenoma.

2. Diagnosis of nodules

When making a diagnosis, the first thing to do is to determine the location of the nodule. If the lesion is located in the dermis and involves the epidermis, there will be scales on the surface; if it is located in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue but does not involve the epidermis, there will be no scales on the surface. Nodules that can move freely with the skin are mostly located in the dermis; when the skin above the nodule can move but the nodule does not move with the skin, it is located in the subcutaneous tissue. Secondly, it is necessary to distinguish whether it is an inflammatory nodule or a non-inflammatory nodule. The former is red and often painful and tender, while the latter is not. In addition, the nodules of xanthomas are yellow, those of cutaneous cysticercosis are skin-colored, and those of erythema indura are characteristically dark red or purplish-blue. The nodules of calcinosis cutis and erythema induratum are very hard, the nodules of lupus vulgaris are soft, the nodules of sarcoidosis are hard like cartilage, and the nodules of juvenile xanthogranuloma are soft at first and then hard. Sometimes it is necessary to use the slide compression method to observe color changes. For example, the red color of lupus erythematosus lesions will be temporarily suppressed after compression, revealing applesauce-colored or brown lupus nodules, which is helpful for diagnosis.

3. Treatment of nodules

1. Topical administration

Sarcoidosis-like acute iridocyclitis is sensitive to glucocorticoids. The inflammation can be quickly relieved by eye drops of 0.3% to 0.5% dexamethasone aqueous solution. Of course, conventional treatments for general iridocyclitis such as mydriatic drugs and hot compresses are also necessary. Chronic iridocyclitis is relatively stubborn and not very sensitive to glucocorticoids. Methylprednisolone (per eye) can be injected subconjunctivally or subfascially. When injecting under the fascial capsule, use toothed forceps to lift the bulbar conjunctiva and the fascia beneath it. After the needle tip is inserted, gently swing it to prevent it from piercing the sclera and accidentally entering the eyeball. Start with 1% to 2% atropine eye drops or eye ointment for mydriasis. After the pupil dilates, switch to short-acting mydriasis, such as homatropine, acetylcyclopentolbenzene, or a new mydriatic mixture containing equal amounts of 0.4% homatropine, 0.5% phenylephrine, and 1% procaine. This can prevent posterior synechiae at the pupil edge and allow the iris to maintain room for contraction and relaxation to prevent anterior and posterior synechiae.

2. Systemic administration

Sarcoidosis chorioretinitis, retinal periphlebitis, choroidal granulomatous optic neuropathy, including chronic iridocyclitis, when local application of corticosteroids is ineffective, systemic administration is required, such as a single dose of prednisone. After the condition improves, the dose is gradually reduced and finally changed to a maintenance dose for 3 to 6 months. When glucocorticoids are used systemically, potassium chloride should be taken orally and a low-salt diet should be followed as usual. If glucocorticoid treatment is ineffective, immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine A, cyclophosphamide, and chlorambucil can be added or used instead. When using immunosuppressive drugs, blood counts and liver and kidney functions should be checked regularly.