What are the treatments for primary liver cancer

Primary liver cancer refers to cancer that originates from liver cells or intrahepatic bile duct cells. More than 95% of primary liver cancers originate from liver cells. The occurrence of primary liver cancer may be the result of the combined effects of multiple factors. This disease is most closely related to chemical carcinogens such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and aflatoxin. There are several ways to treat it:

(1) Surgical treatment: mainly suitable for small and massive hepatocellular carcinomas.

(2) Percutaneous transfemoral artery puncture and transcatheter chemoembolization (TAE): Under X-ray fluoroscopy, a catheter is inserted into the proper hepatic artery or its branches, and anticancer drugs and embolic agents are injected.

(3)Radiotherapy.

(4) Intratumoral injection of anhydrous alcohol: Under the guidance of ultrasound, anhydrous ethanol (alcohol) is injected into the tumor through percutaneous liver puncture to treat liver cancer.

(5) Targeted therapy: Using specific antibodies, monoclonal antibodies or tumor-affecting chemical drugs as carriers, labeled radionuclides and chemical drugs or immunotoxins as "warheads", specific targeted therapy can achieve the goal of killing more tumors and reducing damage to normal tissues.

(6) Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy is the use of biological immunomodulators for treatment. It is combined with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy to reduce the suppression of the immune system by strong treatment, increase treatment tolerance, and play a role in adjuvant therapy to a certain extent.