What are the principles for treating glyphosate poisoning?

What are the principles for treating glyphosate poisoning?

First aid treatment

1. Cleaning and detoxification: Wash the skin with soapy water and clean water, and rinse the eyes with 2% sodium bicarbonate solution. To reduce the chance of aspiration pneumonia during oral intake, vomiting should not be induced. Manual gastric tube suction is recommended for gastric lavage. The movement should be gentle. Sodium bicarbonate solution should not be used for gastric lavage to avoid gas production. 2% to 30% magnesium oxide emulsion or 0.3% to 0.5% medicinal charcoal suspension can be used, and the former is better. After gastric lavage, 50ml suspension can be made with 6g of aluminum hydroxide gel, egg white or dioctahedral montmorillonite (Smecta), which can be injected through a gastric tube. 50g of medicinal charcoal suspension can also be injected to absorb residual toxins. If there is no diarrhea, laxatives can be given for catharsis. Patients with severe poisoning can undergo hemodialysis, hemoperfusion or plasma exchange at an early stage to remove blood toxins.

2. Oxygen therapy: Those with moderate or severe poisoning should receive oxygen therapy.

3. Symptomatic supportive treatment

The emphasis should be on controlling life-threatening toxic effects such as aspiration pneumonia, pulmonary edema, persistent hypotension, shock, convulsions, and coma. Respiratory failure and shock are important causes of death, and early prevention and treatment should be noted. At the same time, antibiotics should be used appropriately to prevent and treat secondary infections, especially lung infections.

4. Fluid replacement and diuresis: It can not only replenish blood volume, but also promote the excretion of toxins. At the same time, attention should be paid to correcting electrolyte and acid-base metabolism imbalances.

5. Antidote: There is no satisfactory specific antidote at present. Atropine can only be used in small amounts (0.5-1 mg) for symptomatic treatment. It should not be used repeatedly and does not need atropineization. There is no need to use oxime rejuvenating agents.

Precautions

1. It is a non-selective herbicide, so when applying the pesticide, you should prevent the liquid from drifting onto the stems and leaves of crops to avoid pesticide damage;

2. The dosage should be determined according to the sensitivity of the crop to the pesticide;

3. Glyphosate loses its activity immediately when it comes into contact with soil, so it is suitable for stem and leaf treatment;

4. When using, you can add an appropriate amount of detergent, diesel and other surfactants to improve the weed control effect;

5. The effect of medication on warm and sunny days is better than that on cold days;

6. Glyphosate can corrode galvanized containers made of metal and easily cause fire;

7. Crystals will precipitate when stored at low temperatures. When using, the container should be shaken thoroughly to dissolve the crystals to ensure the efficacy of the medicine.