Validity period of rabies vaccine for humans

There are many issues that need to be paid attention to when vaccinating people against rabies, for example, many people often encounter unexpected problems. If you are scratched or bitten by a small animal such as a dog, the injury will be more serious. Then it is still necessary to get rabies vaccine in time, but everyone's physical condition should be completely different. So some people may think it is quite serious. After being injected with rabies vaccine, different changes may occur in the body. But how long is the rabies vaccine effective for humans?

How long is the rabies vaccine effective for?

After the human rabies vaccine is fully injected, the antibodies produced are effective in the human body for one year. If a person who has been injected with rabies vaccine is bitten multiple times within one year, he or she does not need to be vaccinated again, but the wound must be cleaned and treated each time to avoid inflammation. If you are bitten by an animal such as a mad dog, you should receive a rabies vaccination during the entire process while treating the wound.

When should rabies vaccine be given?

1. Prevention after bite. For general bites, i.e. mild abrasions, scratches or licks on broken skin without bleeding, one ampoule of the vaccine should be injected on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 30th days respectively. The dosage for children is the same.

2. For severe bites, in addition to injecting the vaccine as described above, double the amount of vaccine should be injected on days 0 and 3, and at the same time as the vaccine is injected on day 0, anti-rabies serum (40 IU/kg body weight) or rabies immunoglobulin (20 IU/kg body weight) should be used to infiltrate the bite site and inject intramuscularly. Anyone who uses anti-rabies serum or immunoglobulin in combination must get 2-3 booster shots of vaccine after the full course of vaccination is completed, i.e., one booster shot each on the 15th, 75th day, or the 10th, 20th, and 90th day after the full course of vaccination.

3. In the following seven situations, including those who have been injected with anti-rabies serum one day before vaccination, chronic patients such as those with cirrhosis, immunodeficiency, taking immunosuppressive drugs, the elderly, the severely malnourished, and those who start immunization 48 hours after a bite, the vaccine dose should be increased by 2-3 times during the initial vaccination and injected in different parts of the body to achieve a better immune effect. In addition, although some injuries are minor, the amount of invading virus is large or the nerve-rich areas are damaged, which may result in a short incubation period and cases where vaccination alone is ineffective. The World Health Organization recently re-recommended that antiserum should be used for bites that break the skin in any part of the body.

4. For healthy people who have not been bitten, three injections can be given at 0, 7 and 21 days. Give a booster shot one year later, and then another booster shot every 1-3 years thereafter.

5. The vaccine is for intramuscular injection into the deltoid muscle of the upper arm. Children should be injected intramuscularly in the anteromedial thigh area.

6. Shake the vaccine into a uniform suspension before use.