How to treat intestinal wall thickening_How to treat intestinal wall thickening

The intestines play a great role in assisting our digestion. Through intestinal peristalsis, the food we usually take in will absorb the substances that are beneficial to the body and excrete the remaining waste. The rectum is the last section of the intestine in our digestive tract. It is located in our pelvic cavity and is about the length of an adult's hand. The rectum is prone to intestinal wall thickening. How should we treat this condition?

The rectum is about 15 to 20 centimeters long. It is not a straight line but has several bends. It has three transverse folds, two on the left and one on the right, with different heights. When viewed from below, the three folds overlap each other, surrounding the rectum and supporting feces.

The section of the rectum near the anus expands into the rectal ampulla, which contains 6 to 10 vertical folds called anal columns, and above the anal columns there is a venous plexus. The rectum ends at the anus. The anus has an external anal sphincter and an internal anal sphincter. The external anal sphincter is a voluntary muscle and belongs to the perineal muscles. The internal anal sphincter is formed by the thickening of the intestinal circular muscle and is a smooth muscle. Its function is to completely remove waste remaining in the anal canal at the end of defecation.

The rectum refers to the section of the intestine that starts from the sigmoid colon in front of the third lumbar vertebra, descends along the front of the sacrum and coccyx, passes through the pelvic diaphragm and transitions to the anal canal. The rectum is a section of the digestive tract located in the lower part of the pelvis, with a total length of 10 to 14 cm. The rectum is not straight, forming two obvious bends in the sagittal plane, namely the rectosacral flexure and the rectoperineal flexure. There are also three curves protruding to the side on the coronal plane, but they are not constant. Generally, the larger one in the middle bulges to the left, and the upper and lower two bulge to the right. When performing proctoscopy and sigmoidoscopy clinically, attention should be paid to these bends to avoid damaging the intestinal wall.

Intestinal wall edema and thickening are the main clinical manifestations of connective tissue enteritis. The treatment measures are as follows:

1. General treatment

During the acute active phase, you should rest in bed. Those in the chronic stage or whose condition has stabilized can return to work appropriately. Mental and psychological treatment is very important. Patients should have regular follow-up visits, avoid triggering factors and irritants, and avoid direct skin exposure to sunlight. Women of childbearing age should strictly practice contraception.

2. Drug treatment

1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

These drugs can inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and can be used as symptomatic treatment for fever, arthralgia, and myalgia. For example, indomethacin has a good effect on fever, pleural and pericardial lesions of SLE. Because these drugs affect renal blood flow, they should be used with caution in patients with concurrent nephritis.

2. Antimalarial drugs

After oral administration, chloroquine mainly accumulates in the skin, inhibits the binding of DNA and anti-DNA antibodies, and has certain therapeutic effects on rash, photosensitivity and joint symptoms. Chloroquine phosphate 250-500 mg/d, long-term use can cause retinal degeneration due to accumulation in the body. Early discontinuation of medication may cause recurrence, and the fundus should be examined regularly.

3. Glucocorticoids

It is the main drug for treating this disease. It is suitable for acute or fulminant cases, or when major organs such as the heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, and serous membranes are involved, when autoimmune hemolysis or thrombocytopenia occurs with a bleeding tendency, and glucocorticoids are also used.