What causes sebaceous tumor

Sebaceous leukoma is a disease that is common in women, mostly in middle-aged and elderly people over 60 years old, and some newborns are also prone to it. The main sites of sebumoma are the face and head. The main symptom is the appearance of multiple rashes. Some people may also experience sebumoma in moles on the skin. So what causes sebumoma? Let us learn about it together.

Sebaceous tumor is a benign skin tumor caused by abnormal enlargement of incompletely differentiated sebaceous glands. When observing the sebaceous tumor under a microscope, it can be found that it is composed of incompletely differentiated sebaceous gland lobules, which are mainly concentrated on the face and neck.

Causes

It is a benign tumor caused by the enlargement of poorly differentiated sebaceous glands.

Pathogenesis

Microscopically, the tumor tissue has a clear boundary with the surrounding tissue and often has a capsule composed of incompletely differentiated sebaceous gland lobules. Sebaceous gland lobules vary in shape and size. There are two main types of tumor cells:

1. Small alkaliphilic cells, identical to the germinal cells surrounding the normal sebaceous gland lobules.

2. Mature vacuolated sebaceous gland cells, identical to the cells near the center of a normal sebaceous gland lobule. Fat staining showed lipids in mature sebaceous gland cells.

Clinical manifestations of sebaceous tumor:

It is usually a single skin-colored papule or yellowish papule or nodule with no clinical diagnostic features. It is common in male patients over 50 to 60 years old.

1. The most common sites are the scalp, face, or neck.

2. Clinical symptoms include round, solid nodules that are generally less than 1 cm in diameter. The surface is smooth and is light reddish-yellow or normal skin color. Usually single, occasionally multiple.

Sebaceous adenoma may be combined with keratoacanthoma and malignant tumors of the visceral system, so its complications are also diverse. The skin may appear red and yellow, and the compression of blood vessels by the tumor may cause obstruction of the supply to the vascular area, resulting in dry skin. For those with combined nerve compression, symptoms such as local numbness, fatigue, and foreign body sensation may occur.