Dissociative Disorder

Mental illness and neurotic illness are two different types of illness. If people don't understand, they may be confused. Dissociative neurosis is a type of mental illness. After suffering from the disease, the patient will have problems with emotional cognition. Because dissociative neurosis often occurs in young and middle-aged people and the cause is not clear, if you find that your friends have thinking disorders, you need to pay special attention.

Schizophrenia is a common severe mental illness. It is generally believed that the prevalence rate in the world, regardless of country or region, is generally between 0.3% and 0.7%. According to the results of a domestic psychiatric survey in the 1980s, the total prevalence rate of schizophrenia was 0.569%, and this disease accounted for more than half of the patients hospitalized in psychiatric hospitals; and in sanatoriums for chronic mental patients, it accounts for about 70% of the total number of patients. The incidence rate is mostly in young and middle-aged people.

Performance

1. Thinking disorder

This is one of the most characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia. The main manifestations are as follows:

1. Association disorder

It may initially manifest as loose associations, and in severe cases, there may be a breakdown in thinking. When a patient talks or writes, there is a lack of central idea and logical connection. If it is not analyzed carefully, it is not necessarily considered to be pathological. But as the disease worsens, associations can become more fragmented, and it may even be difficult to find a coherent and complete concept in the patient's letters and conversations, making it difficult to understand what he is saying.

Some patients simply connect unrelated concepts because of similar language or superficial semantic connections. For example, one patient wrote: “First, the eyes see, so why should I see a cobra?” The association from “eyes” to “cobra” is only due to the similar pronunciation, and the words lack any intrinsic connection. In severe cases, the patient's speech is disorganized and fragmented, with a lack of any connection between context, sentences, or even concepts.

The associative process of schizophrenia patients can be suddenly terminated without external influence (thought interruption), or a large number of compulsive thoughts can emerge (thought clouding). The patient's poor thinking is not only manifested in reduced speech, but more importantly, the patient often only repeats monotonous sentences during conversation, lacking meaningful associations and extensions.

2. Logical process obstacles

During the thinking process, patients cannot analyze problems according to the normal logical rules of thinking, but often show confusion of concepts and some strange logical reasoning. Logical thinking disorders mostly arise on the basis of associative disorders.

Some patients often concretize some abstract concepts in the thinking process, which manifests as symbolic thinking and becomes the cause of relationship delusions and some incomprehensible behaviors.

3. Delusion

Another characteristic way of thinking of schizophrenia is primary delusion. This is a sudden pathological experience or direct feeling. That is to say, this type of delusion is not caused by perceptual disorders or other distorted ideas, but is a kind of pathological ideas that appear out of thin air and have nothing to do with the patient's previous thoughts and emotions.

There are other delusions called secondary or interpretive delusions, most of which are formed on the basis of sensory disorders such as hallucinations or logical disorders of thinking. Delusions that are greatly affected by sensory disorders such as hallucinations are absurd, changeable, chaotic and unsystematic. Delusions that are more seriously affected by logical thinking disorders have relatively fixed contents and tend to form a system. The onset is acute, and primary delusion is more common in patients with rich perceptual disorders. Those who develop the disease at a later age, with a slow onset and a migratory course are mostly secondary delusions. In terms of the content of delusions, delusions of persecution and relationship are more common; delusions of self-blame, jealousy, grandiose delusions and physical influence delusions are also not uncommon. If there is any abnormal sensation in the internal organs, it is easy to have hypochondriasis and delusions.

2. Emotional disorders

This is one of the common symptoms of schizophrenia. During the acute phase of the disease, the patient's emotions may undergo drastic changes for unknown reasons, mostly due to strong reactions caused by hallucinations and delusions. It manifests as excitement, agitation, tension, fear, and anxiety. Depression or sudden emotional outbursts; may be accompanied by physical, destructive, or suicidal behavior.

3. Disorders of will and behavior

It can manifest as tension syndromes such as stereotyped movements, imitative movements, mechanical passive obedience or disobedience.

4. Sensory impairment

(V) Other abnormal manifestations

Inattention often occurs early in the patient's course. The patient appears to be careless about daily life, is sloppy at work, and forgetful; he is absent-minded when talking to others; generally, voluntary attention disorder is more obvious. Because the patient's attention is distracted, his emotions are indifferent, and he lacks interest in external things, his eyes are often dull and his facial expressions are lacking.