Sodium peroxide and hydrochloric acid

Sodium peroxide and hydrochloric acid are chemical raw materials commonly used in our daily life and industrial production. Sodium peroxide is one of the products of the combustion of sodium in oxygen or air. The sodium peroxide we see in daily life is light yellow, and pure sodium peroxide is white. This is because sodium peroxide has strong oxidizing properties. Hydrochloric acid is a type of acid that is often used in chemical experiments and has a wide range of uses in industrial production.

Sodium peroxide has strong oxidizing properties and can be used to bleach textile items, straw, fibers, etc. Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride and has a wide range of industrial uses. Hydrochloric acid is a colorless, transparent liquid with a strong pungent odor and is highly corrosive. Hydrochloric acid is the main component of gastric acid, which can promote food digestion and resist microbial infection.

Sodium peroxide is a white to light yellow powdery solid that is hygroscopic, soluble in ethanol, water and acid, and insoluble in alkali. Sodium peroxide prepared by the combustion method often contains 10% sodium superoxide and appears light yellow. Sodium peroxide can react with water and acid to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, and can also react with carbon dioxide to produce sodium carbonate and oxygen. Sodium peroxide can also oxidize some metals. For example, molten sodium peroxide can oxidize iron into ferrate; it can also co-melt some acid-insoluble ores to decompose them.

Sodium peroxide also has bleaching properties because hydrogen peroxide is generated during the reaction between sodium peroxide and water. Since hydrogen peroxide has strong oxidizing properties, it will bleach some reagents such as fuchsin. Therefore, when sodium peroxide is put into phenolphthalein solution, phenolphthalein first turns red and then fades. This process is irreversible. Sodium peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent and will explode when it comes into contact with reducing substances such as cotton, carbon powder, and aluminum powder in a molten state. Therefore, attention should be paid to safety when storing it and it should not come into contact with flammable materials. It absorbs moisture easily, is highly corrosive and can cause burns.

When a fire occurs in a space where sodium peroxide is placed, it is strictly forbidden to use clean water or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers. Fire-proof sand should be used to cover the fire and extinguish the fire.

Hydrochloric acid is a colorless liquid, an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, with a pungent odor. The hydrochloric acid generally used in laboratories is 0.1 mol/L, pH=1. Since concentrated hydrochloric acid is volatile, the volatilized hydrogen chloride gas reacts with water vapor in the air to form small hydrochloric acid droplets, so white mist is seen. Hydrochloric acid is miscible with water and ethanol. Concentrated hydrochloric acid releases heat when diluted. Hydrogen chloride can dissolve in benzene.

Hydrochloric acid plays a wide range of roles in daily life. Humans and other animals have a special gland in their stomach walls that converts ingested salt into hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a component of gastric juice (concentration is about 0.5%), which can keep the gastric juice at the most suitable pH value required to activate pepsin. It can also denature the protein in table salt and facilitate hydrolysis, as well as kill bacteria that enter the stomach with food. In addition, after hydrochloric acid enters the small intestine, it can promote the secretion of pancreatic juice, intestinal juice, and the secretion and excretion of bile. The acidic environment also helps the absorption of iron and calcium in the small intestine. By utilizing the property of hydrochloric acid to react with insoluble bases, daily necessities such as toilet cleaners and rust removers are produced.