How to read urine routine test report

I believe that in daily life, most people don’t know how to read the routine urine test reports, but there is no need to worry too much about this problem. Generally speaking, when you go to the hospital for these tests, you only need to take these reports to the doctor and you can get the results from the doctor. If there is indeed a problem with the test results and some infectious diseases occur, you must cooperate with the treatment.

1. Urine protein (PR0)

Normal urine routine examination generally shows no protein, or only a trace amount. Increased and persistent urine protein is often seen in kidney disease. However, proteinuria may occasionally occur during fever, strenuous exercise, and pregnancy. Therefore, when there is protein in the urine, follow-up observation is necessary to determine the cause.

2. Urine glucose (GLU)

Positive urine sugar should be combined with clinical analysis. It may be diabetes or renal glucosuria caused by a lowered renal glucose threshold. The diagnosis should be confirmed by combining blood sugar testing and related test results. Since vitamin C and aspirin in urine can affect the urine sugar results, stop taking vitamin C and aspirin 24 hours before checking urine sugar.

3. Urine red blood cells (RBC)

If there are more than 5 red blood cells in the urine under each high-power microscope field, it is called microscopic hematuria; when there are a large number of red blood cells, it is called "gross hematuria", which can be seen in urinary tract inflammation, infection, stones, tumors, etc., and should be taken seriously, and further examination should be carried out at a urology specialist immediately to determine the location and cause of the hematuria.

4. Urine white blood cells (WBC)

If there are more than 5 white blood cells in the urine under each high-power microscope field, it is called leukocyturia. When there are a large number of white blood cells, it is called pyuria, which indicates a urinary tract infection, such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc.

5. Urinary epithelial cells (SPC)

A small amount of epithelial cells in urine has little clinical significance; when they appear in large quantities, if vaginal secretion contamination can be ruled out, the presence of urinary tract inflammation should be considered. At this time, if the urine epithelial cell morphology is examined, the origin of the epithelial cells can be determined.

6. Urinary cast type (KLG)

The presence of casts in the urine, especially granular casts and cellular casts, are signs of parenchymal renal lesions.

7. Urine occult blood (ERY)

Normally, the urine occult blood test is negative. If the urine is positive for occult blood and contains protein, kidney disease and hemorrhagic disease should be considered first, and further renal function tests can be done. If the urine protein is negative, you should go to a relevant specialist to find out the site and nature of the bleeding. It is generally believed that occult blood may not be obvious in lower urinary tract bleeding because red blood cells are not destroyed.